Risk factors affecting the epidemiological situation of tuberculosis, clinical and epidemiological features of pulmonary tuberculosis in rural areas

Aliyev, Amir; Chobanov, R. A.; Abduldayeva, Aigul

doi:10.23950/1812-2892-2016-1-20-24

Cited by 2 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Tuberculosis is endemic and is considered as a major public health problem in Kazakhstan. According to WHO, the incidence rate of TB was 67 new and relapse cases per 100,000 population in 2016 ( 19 , 20 ). In order to reduce the HIV mortality, it is necessary to prevent, early detect and to treat opportunistic infections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of hospital admissions and all-cause mortality of HIV infected patients in Kazakhstan: data from unified nationwide electronic healthcare system 2014–2019

Mussina

Abbay

Sakko

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

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Background and objectivesAlthough global HIV pandemic has stabilized, it continues to rise in Eastern Europe and Central Asia due to exponential growth of newly acquired cases. Based on UNAIDS, there are currently 35,000 people living with HIV (PLWH) in Kazakhstan. This alarming HIV epidemiologic situation mandates urgent investigation of causes, routes of transmission and other characteristics in order to halt the epidemic. We aimed to analyze the data of all hospitalized patients for the period of 2014–2019 who tested positive for HIV from the Unified National Electronic Health System (UNEHS) of Kazakhstan.MethodsThis cohort study extracted data for all HIV positive patients during 2014–2019 from UNEHS of Kazakhstan to apply descriptive, Kaplan–Meier estimation, and Cox proportional hazards regression model. Crosscheck of the target population data was conducted with tuberculosis, viral hepatitis, alcohol abuse and intravenous drug user (IDU) cohorts in order to create a comprehensive database. All survival functions and factors associated with mortality were tested for significance.ResultsThe cohort population (n = 2,213) mean age was 33.3 ± 13.3 years with 1,375 males (62.1%) and 838 females (37.9%). Incidence rate decreased from 2.05 in 2014 to 1.88 in 2019, however, prevalence and mortality continues to escalate every year, the mortality raised significantly from 0.39 in 2014 to 0.97 in 2019. People aged >50 years, males, retired people, patients from tuberculosis hospital profile had much lower survival probabilities than the corresponding groups. Adjusted Cox regression model death hazard showed strong association of HIV patients with tuberculosis coinfection (HR 1.4, 95% CI 1.1; 1.7, p < 0.001).ConclusionThe results of this study demonstrate high rates of HIV mortality, strong association of HIV with TB coinfection, regional, age specific, gender, hospital profile and social status differences that significantly affect HIV prevalence. Since the prevalence of HIV is continuing to increase, more information is necessary for evaluation and implementation of prevention procedures.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of hospital admissions and all-cause mortality of HIV infected patients in Kazakhstan: data from unified nationwide electronic healthcare system 2014–2019

Mussina

Abbay

Sakko

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

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“…| ORIGINAL STUDY ARTICLE https://doi.org/10.23888/HMJ2023114519-534 Среди факторов риска заболевания туберкулезом и его прогрессирования значительное место принадлежит злоупотреблению алкоголем и курению [24], что на наш взгляд и может объяснить большее количество случаев туберкулеза среди мужского населения, лиц, находящихся в местах лишения свободы, лиц БОМЖ.…”

Section: материалы и методыunclassified

“…Нельзя не сказать, что микобактерии туберкулеза в некоторых случаях имеют множественную или широкую лекарственную устойчивость, что в большей степени повышает риск распространения инфекции, в связи со сложностью лечения данных больных [24], даже несмотря на новые методы лечения и профилактики данной патологии.…”

Section: материалы и методыunclassified

“…Это можно объяснить тем, что в таких районах меньше контактов между людьми, что уменьшает вероятность передачи инфекции. Однако не стоит забывать, что и обращаемость за медицинской помощью в таких районах значительно отличается от обращаемости в более крупных районных центрах [24,26].…”

Section: материалы и методыunclassified

“…Однако недоступность этих методов для всех слоев населения может привести к неравномерному распределению случаев туберкулеза. Поэтому необходимо обеспечить доступность и равномерность предоставления медицинской помощи в борьбе с этим заболеванием [24].…”

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Epidemiological Aspects of Morbidity with Tuberculosis in Russian Federation

Bobotina,

Men'shova

2023

НМJ

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INTRODUCTION: Tuberculosis is an infectious disease that affects, among other things, the lungs, and is a serious public health problem worldwide. It is the leading cause of death among infectious diseases. AIM: Epidemiological analysis of morbidity with tuberculosis in the Russian Federation (RF) for 2000–2001. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The report forms No. 8 ‘Information on Morbidity with Active Tuberculosis’, No. 33 ‘Information on Patients with Tuberculosis’, national reports ‘On the State of Sanitary and Epidemiological Well-Being of the Population in the Russian Federation’, the data from the Federal Center for monitoring measures to counteract proliferation of tuberculosis in the Russian Federation, were used. A retrospective epidemiological analysis of the morbidity of RF population with tuberculosis for the period from 2000 to 2021 was carried out. Statistical data processing was performed using the free R computing environment (version 4.1.2) and MS Excel 2019 software package in Windows 11. RESULTS: Tuberculosis holds leading positions in the structures of morbidity, mortality, and economic damage from chronic infectious diseases. The long-term average annual morbidity rate was 67.4 per 100 thousand population; a decrease in morbidity is noted (Tav.gr. = -2.1%). According to the results of the analysis, groups at risk of contagion with tuberculosis were identified (by age, gender, social status, place of residence). High levels of tuberculosis incidence were noted in the Siberian (96.4 per 100 thousand) and Far Eastern (98.8 per 100 thousand) federal districts. An inverse correlation was found between the morbidity of the population and preventive fluorographic examinations. CONCLUSION: Over the past 22 years (2000–2021), there has been an improvement in the epidemiological situation for tuberculosis in the Russian Federation: morbidity decreased by 66% and has a moderate downward trend at an average rate of 2.1% per year, the prevalence decreased by 68%, mortality — by 74%. Despite this, tuberculosis is proliferating among the active, able-bodied population (risk group 35–44 years of age). The disease twice more often affects men compared to women. An increase in the coverage of the population with preventive examinations for tuberculosis (more than 65%) will help reduce the incidence of this infection.

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Risk factors affecting the epidemiological situation of tuberculosis, clinical and epidemiological features of pulmonary tuberculosis in rural areas

Cited by 2 publications

References 24 publications

Dynamics of hospital admissions and all-cause mortality of HIV infected patients in Kazakhstan: data from unified nationwide electronic healthcare system 2014–2019

Dynamics of hospital admissions and all-cause mortality of HIV infected patients in Kazakhstan: data from unified nationwide electronic healthcare system 2014–2019

Epidemiological Aspects of Morbidity with Tuberculosis in Russian Federation

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