Risk factors associated with mental illness in Oyo State, Nigeria: A Community based study

Amoran, OE; To, Lawoyin; Oni, OO

doi:10.1186/1744-859x-4-19

Cited by 34 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This finding was consistent with previous studies conducted in Kenya (11%) [ 15 ], Borena Southern Ethiopia (14.6%) [ 16 ] and Addis Ababa (11.7%) [ 17 ]. But our finding was lower than many of the previous studies that reported prevalence of CMI among study population 21.9% in Nigeria [ 13 ], 22.7% in Jimma Ethiopia [ 18 ], 24.6% in Britain [ 19 ], 25.5% in Chile, Santiago [ 20 ], 27-30% in south Africa [ 21 , 22 ], 29.9% in Brazil [ 14 ] and 30.3% in Britain [ 21 ].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 87%

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Prevalence and determinants of common mental illness among adult residents of Harari Regional State, Eastern Ethiopia

Hunduma¹,

Girma²,

Digaffe³

et al. 2017

Pan Afr Med J

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IntroductionCommon mental disorders include depression, anxiety and somatoform disorders are a public health problem in developed as well as developing countries. It represents a psychiatric morbidity with significant prevalence, affecting all stages of life and cause suffering to the individuals, their family and communities. Despite this fact, little information about the prevalence of common mental illness is available from low and middle-income countries including Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to determine the magnitude of common mental disorders and its associated factors among adult residents of Harari Region.MethodsComparative cross-sectional, quantitative community-based survey was conducted From February 1, 2016 to March 30, 2016 in Harari Regional State using multi-stage sampling technique. A total of 968 residents was selected using two stage sampling technique. Of this 901 were participated in the study. Validated and Pretested Self reported questionnaire (SQR_20) was used to determine the maginitude of common mental disorders. Data was entered and analyzed using Epi-info version 3.5.1 and SPSS-17 for windows statistical packages. Univirate, Bi-variate and multivariate logistic regression analysis with 95% CI was employed in order to infer associations.ResultsThe prevalence of common mental illnesses among adults in our study area was 14.9%. The most common neurotic symptoms in this study were often head ache (23.2%), sleep badly (16%) and poor appetite (13.8%). Substance use like Khat chewing (48.2%), tobacco use (38.2%) and alcohol use (10.5%) was highly prevalent health problem among study participant. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, respondents age between 25-34 years, 35-44 years, 45-54 years and above 55years were 6.4 times (AOR 6.377; 95% CI: 2.280-17.835), 5.9 times (AOR 5.900; 95% CI: 2.243-14.859), 5.6 times (AOR 5.648; 95% CI: 2.200-14.50) and 4.1 times (AOR 4.110; 95% CI: 1.363-12.393) more likely having common mental illnesses than those age between 15-24 years, respectively. The occurrence of common mental illness was twice (AOR: 2.162; 95% CI 1.254-3.728) higher among respondents earn less than the average monthly income than those earn more than average monthly income. The odds of developing common mental illnesses were 6.6 times (AOR 6.653; 95% CI: 1.640-6.992) higher among adults with medically confirmed physical disability than those without physical disability. Similarly, adults who chewed Khat were 2.3 times (AOR 2.305; 95% CI: 1.484-3.579) more likely having common mental illnesses than those who did not chew Khat. Adults with emotional stress were twice (AOR 2.063; 95% CI: 1.176-3.619) higher chance to have common mental illnesses than adults without emotional stress.ConclusionThis study had reveals that common mental disorders are major public health problems. Advancing age, low average family monthly income, Khat chewing and emotional stress were independent predictors of common mental illnesses. Whereas sex, place of residence, educational status, marital ...

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 87%

“…Sample size determination and sampling procedure : The sample size was determined by two proportion formula considering the study which was conducted in Oyo state of Nigeria [ 13 ]. The proportion of the psychiatric morbidities among urban and rural area were 18.4% and 28.4%, respectively.With a precision of 95% and the desired power of 80%.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and determinants of common mental illness among adult residents of Harari Regional State, Eastern Ethiopia

Hunduma¹,

Girma²,

Digaffe³

et al. 2017

Pan Afr Med J

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“…[16] From community samples in Nigeria, rates of 19.2% to 28.5% have also been reported. [16,17,18] The findings that infertility is associated with severe psychological distress are in agreement with previous studies. [19,20,21,22] The predictors of severe psychological distress in this study were not having at least one child, financial burden of treatment, duration of infertility, stressed by infertility, and marital instability due to infertility.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Psychosocial Morbidity in Women Attending an Infertility Clinic in Northwestern Nigeria: ‘Its the Worst Misfortune of a Woman’

Mustapha¹

2015

JGO

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Abstract:Background: Infertility is a problem of global proportions. It is the most important reproductive health concern of women. Generally, the female is held responsible for virtually all cases of infertility. The men folk are held as above board. Consequent upon this, the woman is humiliated, isolated, derided, rebuffed and abused. This abuse could be physical or psychological. The psychosocial morbidity they have can also affect their treatment success as such there is need to evaluate the prevalence, types, and sources of this psychosocial morbidity and also the need to introduce psychotherapy as part of infertility management in our centre.Materials and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out on consecutive women attending the infertility clinic at Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Shika Zaria. Data was collected using a socio-demographic questionnaire designed by the researchers and psychiatric morbidity in the women was assessed by means of the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) until sample size of 217 was met. Women with severe psychological distress were confidentially interviewed about their sources of pressure. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 17. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 33.2years. Most of them were married [95.8%] in a monogamous setting [72.2%] and in their first order of marriage [62%]. Fifty-six percent of them had secondary infertility. The mean duration of infertility in all respondents was 5.3years. Majority [77.8%] of the respondents were stressed by being unable to conceive. Their sources of pressure included their husbands, mother-in-law amongst others. 26.2% have been physically abused as a result of their infertility. Only 29.8% of women will consider adoption in case of prolonged childlessness and most [63.8%] of infertile women will cope better with infertility if there were support groups. Prevalence of psychological distress among infertile women was 37.8% and of these, 7.7% had severe psychological distress. Those with primary infertility, longer duration of infertility and the financial burden of treatment had a statistically significant increase in severe psychological distress. Previous psychiatric disorder did not affect the prevalence of severe psychological distress in them. In-depth interview with these women revealed the enormous burden they carry as a result of infertility including marital disharmony, social stigma, and mental health difficulties.Conclusion: A significant proportion of infertile women experience psychosocial morbidity, as such, there is needed to implement psychotherapy as part of infertility management.

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“…Many studies (e.g., Amoran et al, 2005;Abdallah and Ogbeide, 2002) have concluded that a higher rate of mental illness exists among the widowed than their married counterparts. Even a study conducted by Chen et al, (1999) concluded that widows had higher mean levels of traumatic grief, depressive and anxiety symptoms (compared to widowers).…”

Section: Widowhood and Its Psychological Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Psychological Aspects of Widowhood and Divorce

Jk¹,

Sareen²,

Dhyani³

2009

Mens Sana Monogr

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Despite advances in standard of living of the population, the condition of widows and divorced women remains deplorable in society. The situation is worse in developing nations with their unique social, cultural and economic milieu, which at times ignores the basic human rights of this vulnerable section of society. A gap exists in life expectancies of men and women in both developing and developed nations. This, coupled with greater remarriage rates in men, ensures that the number of widows continues to exceed that of widowers. Moreover, with women becoming more educated, economically independent and aware of their rights, divorce rates are increasing along with associated psychological ramifications. The fact that widowed/divorced women suffer from varying psychological stressors is often ignored. It has been concluded in various studies that such stressors could be harbingers of psychiatric illnesses (e.g., depression, anxiety, substance dependence), and hence should be taken into account by treating physicians, social workers and others who come to the aid of such women. A change in mindset of the society is required before these women get their rightful place, for which a strong will is needed in the minds of the people, and in law-governing bodies.

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Risk factors associated with mental illness in Oyo State, Nigeria: A Community based study

Abstract: Background: The main objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with mental illness in Oyo State at community level using the general health questionnaire as a screening tool.

Cited by 34 publications

References 14 publications

Prevalence and determinants of common mental illness among adult residents of Harari Regional State, Eastern Ethiopia

Prevalence and determinants of common mental illness among adult residents of Harari Regional State, Eastern Ethiopia

Psychosocial Morbidity in Women Attending an Infertility Clinic in Northwestern Nigeria: ‘Its the Worst Misfortune of a Woman’

Psychological Aspects of Widowhood and Divorce

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