Risk factors causing cost overruns in road networks

Cost Overrun Gap Analysis in Construction Projects: State -of-the-Art

“…The analysis of cost overrun causes in the different years shows that cost overrun causes remain the same over the years. For example, inaccurate cost estimates, Inflation, and fluctuation of construction resources prices had been identified by [9] in 1994 and also by [10], [11], [12] in 2022 and cited by several references in between.…”

“…The cost overrun causes previously identified in Table 1 have been analyzed to rank the top five cost overrun causes based on the number of studies that cited these factors as the critical factors that lead to cost overrun. [40], [15], [41], [42], [43], [44], [45], [46], [47], [48], [49], [50], [51], [52], [53], [20], [54], [14], [55], [56], , [57], [58], [59], [60], [59], [61], [25] [62], [10], [63], [64], [65], [65], [66], [67], [11], [12], [68], [69], [70], [71], [72] [41], [15], [78], [79], [80], [81], [44], [47], [48],…”

“…[20], [55], [58], [104], [105], [106], [88], [99], [66], [107] , [12], [68], [100], [91], [70], [108] [79], [42], [81], [109], [110], [47], [45], [49], [95], [111], [54], [112], [59], [25], [87], [105], [106], [10], [65], [113], [12], [89], [100], [69], [90], [108], [75], [76]…”

“…These factors are Inaccurate Cost Estimates, poor cost control, poor site management, inadequate planning and scheduling, Schedule delays, difficulties in financing projects by contractors, Lake of contractor experience and efficiency, construction mistakes and defective works, and Inappropriate contractor policies. Table 3 [79], [80], [81], [44], [47], [48], [82], [13], [53], [54], [83], [84], [85], [86], [87], [10], [63], [64], [88], [89], [90], [91], [71], [72], [92], [93] [94], [80], [78], [46], [47], [48], [82], [95], [55], [83], [57], [96], [60],…”

“…[23], [121], [35], [122], [39], [40], [102], [79], [81], [46], [44], [47], [82], [49], [50], [51], [54], [55], [83], [84], [58], [60], [87], [123], [97], [25], [10], [63], [65], [66], [120], [70], [92], [76] 35 Change scope of work either by variation orders or additional works…”