Risk factors for cervical ectopic pregnancy

Hoyos, Luis R.; Tamakuwala, Sejal; Rambhatla, Anupama; Brar, Harpreet K.; Vilchez, Gustavo; Allsworth, Jenifer E.; Rodriguez‐Kovacs, Javier; Awonuga, Awoniyi O.

doi:10.1016/j.jogoh.2019.101665

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Cervical pregnancy occurs in a special anatomical site, and the etiology is complex. Some iatrogenic interventions may increase its incidence, such as cervical dilatation, induced abortion, and IUD use., which may lead to cervical trauma, endometrial injury, and an abnormal environment of the uterine cavity [17]. Furthermore, the cervix is mainly composed of vascular-rich connective tissue and contains less muscle tissue.…”

Section: Diagnosis and Treatment Of Cervical Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%

A case report of cervical pregnancy after in vitro fertilization complicated by tuberculosis and a literature review

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2020

Open Medicine

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Although female genital tuberculosis may lead to infertility, pregnancy is still possible, especially through in vitro fertilization (IVF). In this eventuality, even latent tuberculosis (TB) infection is prone to reactivate. Because some of the symptoms of TB overlap with those of pregnancy, diagnosis and treatment may be delayed. We report the case of a 30-year-old infertile woman with repeated genital tuberculosis (GTB) who underwent two laparoscopic surgeries and anti-TB treatments. The woman conceived through IVF and, unfortunately, a cervical pregnancy was diagnosed, together with a third recurrence of GTB. When the condition became stable after anti-TB treatment, the pregnancy was terminated using oral mifepristone in combination with an ultrasound-guided local injection of methotrexate. The gestational sac was expelled 4 days later with minimal blood loss. In view of the reciprocal influence and interconnection between IVF, pregnancy, and TB, we conducted a literature review to provide valuable information for early diagnosis and treatment, as well as for routine screening before IVF of TB in infertile patients.

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Section: Diagnosis and Treatment Of Cervical Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%

A case report of cervical pregnancy after in vitro fertilization complicated by tuberculosis and a literature review

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2020

Open Medicine

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“…Pain and lower abdominal cramps occur in only one‐third of patients 2 . Assisted reproductive technology (ART), induced abortion, caesarean section, cervical dilation, and the use of intrauterine devices (IUDs) are considered possible risk factors for CEP 3 . The cervix is composed predominantly of fibrous tissue and lacks the protective decidual plate seen in the corpus, which can block the invasion of the chorionic villi.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of contrast‐enhanced ultrasound in the diagnosis and guiding therapy of early cervical ectopic pregnancy

Chen

2023

J of Clinical Ultrasound

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We described the ultrasonic imaging characteristics of four patients with cervical ectopic pregnancy (CEP) and inevitable miscarriage (IM) with the gestational sac (GS) located at the level of the cervical canal discussed and analyzed them in combination with relevant data, such as surgery and outcomes. It was found that contrast‐enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) could provide a more accurate differential diagnosis of early CEP and IM than conventional ultrasound (US), thus providing more effective guidance for clinical therapy. In CEP, CEUS shows sustained annular hyperenhancement of the GS wall. However, CEUS shows nonenhancement or pedicle‐like enhancement in IM with the GS located at the level of the cervical canal.

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“…Assisted reproduction procedures have also been associated with a higher frequency of cervical ectopic pregnancies. [2][3][4][5][6] The condition is rare, with an estimated incidence of 0.0001%, that is, 1 in every 10 thousand women will have a cervical pregnancy. 3 The most common symptoms of cervical pregnancy are vaginal bleeding and pain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experience of a Tertiary Service in the Treatment of Women with Cervical Pregnancy

Mori

Tavares

Yela

et al. 2022

Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet

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Objective Cervical pregnancy is challenging for the medical community, as it is potentially fatal. The treatment can be medical or surgical; however, there are no protocols that establish the best option for each case. The objective of the present study was to describe the cases of cervical pregnancy admitted to a tertiary university hospital over a period of 18 years. Methods A retrospective study based on a review of the medical records of all cervical pregnancies admitted to the Women's Hospital at Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Southeastern Brazil, from 2000 to 2018. Results We identified 13 cases of cervical pregnancy out of a total of 673 ectopic pregnancies; only 1 case was initially treated with surgery because of hemodynamic instability. Of the 12 cases treated conservatively, 7 were treated with single-dose intramuscular methotrexate, 1, with intravenous and intramuscular methotrexate, 1, with intravenous methotrexate, 1, with 2 doses of intramuscular methotrexate, and 2, with intra-amniotic methotrexate. Of these cases, one had a therapeutic failure that required a hysterectomy. Two women received blood transfusions. Four women required cervical tamponade with a Foley catheter balloon for hemostasis. There was no fatal outcome. Conclusion Cervical pregnancy is a rare and challenging condition from diagnosis to treatment. Conservative treatment was the primary method of therapy used, with satisfactory results. In cases of increased bleeding, cervical curettage was the initial treatment, and it was associated with the use of a cervical balloon for hemostasis.

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Risk factors for cervical ectopic pregnancy

Cited by 12 publications

References 9 publications

A case report of cervical pregnancy after in vitro fertilization complicated by tuberculosis and a literature review

A case report of cervical pregnancy after in vitro fertilization complicated by tuberculosis and a literature review

The role of contrast‐enhanced ultrasound in the diagnosis and guiding therapy of early cervical ectopic pregnancy

Experience of a Tertiary Service in the Treatment of Women with Cervical Pregnancy

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