Risk factors for delayed milk ejection in Holstein dairy cows milked 3 times per day

Wieland, Matthias; Watters, R.D.; Virkler, P.D.; Sipka, Anja

doi:10.3168/jds.2021-21761

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In dairy cows, delayed milk ejection has been associated with reduced milking efficiency, reduced milk yield and impaired teat and udder health [54]. As expected, MMY was positively related to PFR, AFR and EMT in both species.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Study of the Milkability of the Mediterranean Italian Buffalo and the Tunisian Maghrebi Camel According to Parity and Lactation Stage

Atigui,

Brahmi,

Marnet

et al. 2024

Animals

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While considered as hard milkers, both buffaloes and camels are milked with equipment destined for dairy cows based on external morphological similarities with this species. This work aimed to study similarities and differences in milkability traits between Mediterranean buffaloes and Maghrebi she-camels and to evaluate the effect of parity and lactation stage. A total of 422 milk flow curves recorded with an electronic milkmeter (Lactocorder®) for both species were accessed. Milking characteristics including milk yield per milking, peak milk flow, average milk flow, duration of the main milking phase, duration of total milking, duration of various phases of milk flow, lag time and time to milk ejection, stripping yield, overmilking time and incidence of bimodal milk flow curves were evaluated for both species. Results showed that the values of milk yield per milking, duration of the main milking phase and duration of total milking were higher in buffaloes (3.98 ± 0.10 kg; 4.07 ± 0.11 min; 9.89 ± 0.21 min, respectively) compared to camels (3.51 ± 0.08 kg; 3.05 ± 0.09 min; 3.76 ± 0.09 min, respectively). However, camels had significantly higher peak and average milk flow (2.45 ± 0.07 kg/min and 1.16 ± 0.03 kg/min, respectively). Camels took significantly less time for milk ejection to occur. Only 15.49% of recorded curves were bimodal in buffaloes while 34.93% of bimodal curves were recorded for camels. Overmilking was significantly higher in buffaloes (3.64 ± 0.21 min vs. 0.29 ± 0.02 min). Parity and lactation stage had a significant effect on most studied milking traits suggesting the need for some particular practices with primiparous animals and animals at different levels of lactation for both species.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Study of the Milkability of the Mediterranean Italian Buffalo and the Tunisian Maghrebi Camel According to Parity and Lactation Stage

Atigui,

Brahmi,

Marnet

et al. 2024

Animals

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“…mentioned that pre-milking udder sanitation, including water hose cleaning, using wet towels for cleaning and dry towels to dry the teats, and the application of teat disinfectants was associated with reduced microbial load on the teats and reduced the environmental mastitis [14]. The mean pre-milking lag time for the study dairies was 66.3 s with a minimum of 30 s and a maximum of 180 s, which falls within the recommended pre-dip contact time and oxytocin release to avoid bimodal milking, reduced milking efficiency [32,33]. Watters et al, 2012 reported the highest incidence of bimodal milking when the lag time was either zero or 240 s [33].…”

Section: Parlor Management and Milking Practicesmentioning

confidence: 79%

Management Practices of Bovine Mastitis and Milk Quality on Egyptian Dairies

Farag,

Aly,

Fahim

et al. 2023

Veterinary Sciences

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Milk production continues to be the main source of income for dairy producers, and mastitis continues to be the major health challenge for dairy cows worldwide. The objective of the current study was to describe the different management practices implemented in Egyptian dairies, which may influence mastitis and improve milk quality. An in-person survey was completed with herd managers and owners of 20 Egyptian dairies selected using a stratified random sample from four of Egypt’s milk sheds. The questionnaire included 80 questions that inquired about herd demographics, mastitis status and control, milking practices, and management practices of the study dairies. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, multiple factor analysis (MFA), and hierarchical clustering to identify the important principal components and different dairy clusters. Of the surveyed herds, 69.50% had less than 500 lactating cows, with Holstein as the main cow breed. The reported average milk production on the study herds was 31.1 (SE ± 1.10) Kg/cow/day. Housing of lactating, dry, and close-up cows was in open lots. The majority of the dairies milked cows were three times per day (90.63%), the remaining milked cows four (5.00%) or a mix of four and three times per day. Furthermore, herringbone parlor design was the most common parlor design (66.79%) in the study dairies. The most common disinfectants used for both pre- and post-milking teat dip were iodine-based, 90.0% and 95.0%, respectively, while 52.16% of the dairies reported that their milkers wore gloves during milking. The reported mean annual percentage of mastitis was 52.3%, as a percent of the milking herd. The study dairies reported the inspection of udder health through either visual inspection (95.00%), udder hygiene score (86.88%), teat end score (71.88%), and/or using CMT (54.91%). Contagious mastitis pathogens were reported in 45.2% of the study herds. More than 50% of the study herds relied on importing pregnant cows or pregnant heifers as replacements. Multiple factor analysis identified 20 questions and represented 5 components of variability related to mastitis on dairies. The current survey of Egyptian dairies described the herd demographics and different management practices related to mastitis control and prevention. All the study dairies relied on the blanket intramammary antimicrobial drugs at dry off when current research elsewhere has identified selective dry cow therapy as an integral component of antimicrobial stewardship on dairies. Further research is required to identify the association between different management factors and the occurrence of mastitis.

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“…This longitudinal study was conducted at a commercial dairy farm near Ithaca, NY, USA. Some of the data (564 cow observations) were previously used in a case–control study investigating risk factors for DME [ 13 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, the assessment of the association between DME and milking performance in previous studies was based on a single milking observation [ 4 , 11 , 12 ]. However, some cows may exhibit DME in every milking session, i.e., chronic DME [ 13 ], and the effect size of the association of DME with milking performance could differ according to the frequency of DME events.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cow characteristics that have been related with DME are parity [ 2 , 13 ], the stage of lactation [ 10 ], the degree of udder filling [ 14 , 17 ], and health events such as lameness [ 13 ] or mastitis [ 21 ]. Conversely, to the best of our knowledge, the association between peak lactation milk yield and DME has not been investigated by rigorous methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Association of Delayed Milk Ejection with Milking Performance in Holstein Cows in a Large Dairy Herd with Suboptimal Premilking Teat Stimulation

Singh,

Spellman,

Somula

et al. 2024

Animals

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The primary objective was to investigate the association between delayed milk ejection (DME) and the average milk flow rate, milking unit-on time, and duration in a low milk flow rate in Holstein dairy cows in a large dairy herd with suboptimal premilking teat stimulation. Our second objective was to study the association between peak lactation milk yield and the occurrence of DME. This longitudinal field study was conducted at a 4300-cow dairy farm with a thrice-daily milking schedule over a 1-week period. We analyzed data from 61,677 cow milking observations from 2937 cows. Delayed milk ejection was defined as present if the 30–60 s milk flow rate was ≤3.1 kg/min. The mean average milk flow rate (MAMF, kg/min), mean milking unit-on time (MMUT, s), and mean duration of a low milk flow rate (MLMF, s) were calculated as the mean values from the 21 milking observations. General linear multivariable models revealed associations of DME with MAMF, MMUT, and MLMF. A multivariable ordinal logistic regression model revealed an association between peak lactation milk yield and DME. Cows with lower peak lactation milk yield had greater odds of exhibiting a higher frequency level of DME. The observed associations between DME and milking performance indices suggest that DME can negatively affect milking and parlor efficiency. Peak lactation milk yield may serve as a proxy to estimate cows’ risk of recurrent DME. Future research is warranted to test if alleviating DME through, for example, a modified milking routine influences the milking performance indices described herein.

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Risk factors for delayed milk ejection in Holstein dairy cows milked 3 times per day

Abstract: information could be used to improve individual premilking udder preparation to meet the animal's physiological requirements, improve teat and udder health, and enhance parlor efficiency.

Cited by 6 publications

References 26 publications

Study of the Milkability of the Mediterranean Italian Buffalo and the Tunisian Maghrebi Camel According to Parity and Lactation Stage

Study of the Milkability of the Mediterranean Italian Buffalo and the Tunisian Maghrebi Camel According to Parity and Lactation Stage

Management Practices of Bovine Mastitis and Milk Quality on Egyptian Dairies

The Association of Delayed Milk Ejection with Milking Performance in Holstein Cows in a Large Dairy Herd with Suboptimal Premilking Teat Stimulation

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