“…Furthermore, the relation between PTSD and separation anxiety may also be influenced by cognitive factors, which play important roles as emphasized in many studies and theories (e.g., Bryant, 2021;Ehlers & Clark, 2000;Warner & Strawn, 2023). Among these factors, rumination is a key cognitive process that may be associated with the persistence of PTSD (e.g., Moulds et al, 2020;Zhou et al, 2021) and separation anxiety (e.g., W. Li, He, & Xiao, 2023).…”