RNA-based therapies: A cog in the wheel of lung cancer defense

Khan, Parvez; Siddiqui, Jawed A.; Lakshmanan, Imayavaramban; Ganti, Apar Kishor; Salgia, Ravi; Jain, Maneesh; Batra, Surinder K.; Nasser, Mohd W.

doi:10.1186/s12943-021-01338-2

Cited by 65 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 314 publications

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“…Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, of which lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the dominant histological subtype, accounting for 40% of all cases [ 1 , 2 ]. Statistics show that a dismal 5-year survival rate is less than 20% despite recent advances in therapies [ 3 ]. The major factors in unfavorable prognosis of LUAD are diagnosis at terminal cancer and the propensity for metastasis [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Differentially Expressed and Prognostic lncRNAs for the Construction of ceRNA Networks in Lung Adenocarcinoma

Cui

Liu

et al. 2021

Journal of Oncology

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Background. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) could function as competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) to competitively adsorb microRNAs (miRNAs), thereby regulating the expression of their target protein-coding mRNAs. In this study, we aim to identify more effective diagnostic and prognostic markers for lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Methods. We obtained differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs), miRNAs (DEmiRNAs), and mRNAs (DEmRNAs) for LUAD by using The Cancer Genomes Atlas (TCGA) portal. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to unveil core gene modules associated with LUAD. The Cox proportional hazards model was performed to determine the prognostic significance of DElncRNAs. The diagnostic and prognostic significance of DElncRNAs was further verified based on the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Cytoscape was used to construct the ceRNA networks comprising the lncRNAs-miRNAs-mRNAs axis based on the correlation obtained from the miRcode, miRDB, and TargetScan. Results. Compared with normal lung tissues, 2355 DElncRNAs, 820 DEmiRNAs, and 17289 DEmRNAs were identified in LUAD tissues. We generated 8 WGCNA core modules in the lncRNAs coexpression network, 5 modules in the miRNAs, and 12 modules in the mRNAs coexpression network, respectively. One lncRNA module (blue) consisting of 441 lncRNAs, two miRNA modules (blue and turquoise) containing 563 miRNAs, and one mRNA module (turquoise), which consisted of 15162 mRNAs, were mostly significantly related to LUAD status. Furthermore, 67 DEmRNAs were found to be tumor-associated as well as the target genes of the DElncRNAs-DEmiRNAs axis. Survival analyses showed that 6 lncRNAs (LINC01447, WWC2-AS2, OGFRP1, LINC00942, LINC01168, and AC005863.1) were significantly correlated with the prognosis of LUAD patients. Ultimately, the potential ceRNA networks including 6 DElncRNAs, 4 DEmiRNAs, and 22 DEmRNAs were constructed. Conclusion. Our study indicated that 6 DElncRNAs had the possibilities as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for LUAD. The lncRNA-mediated ceRNA networks might provide novel insights into the molecular mechanisms of LUAD progression.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Differentially Expressed and Prognostic lncRNAs for the Construction of ceRNA Networks in Lung Adenocarcinoma

Cui

Liu

et al. 2021

Journal of Oncology

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“…Thus, the technology of RNA-influenced gene inhibition is considered promising, which demonstrated high efficiency in trials on multiple malignant tumours. RNA-therapeutic technologies in combination with immune-and chemotherapy inhibit several pathways of carcinogenesis at the same time, including overexpression of genes that modulates immune-enzymic system, thus arresting the growth of tumours, process of metastasis and overcoming chemo-resistance (Khan et al, 2021). Gene therapy of cancer involves use of viruses, immune-liposomes that contain stem cells, including autological cells, and also antibodies, nanoparticles of bioactive compounds.…”

Section: Perspectives Of Using Cytotoxic Compounds Of Marine Origin In Oncology and New Biomedical Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-tumour drugs of marine origin currently at various stages of clinical trials (review)

Bocharova

Копытина

Slynko

2021

Regul. Mech. Biosyst.

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Oncological diseases for a long time have remained one of the most significant health problems of modern society, which causes great losses in its labour and vital potential. Contemporary oncology still faces unsolved issues as insufficient efficacy of treatment of progressing and metastatic cancer, chemoresistance, and side-effects of the traditional therapy which lead to disabilities among or death of a high number of patients. Development of new anti-tumour preparations with a broad range of pharmaceutical properties and low toxicity is becoming increasingly relevant every year. The objective of the study was to provide a review of the recent data about anti-tumour preparations of marine origin currently being at various phases of clinical trials in order to present the biological value of marine organisms – producers of cytotoxic compounds, and the perspectives of their use in modern biomedical technologies. Unlike the synthetic oncological preparations, natural compounds are safer, have broader range of cytotoxic activity, can inhibit the processes of tumour development and metastasis, and at the same time have effects on several etiopathogenic links of carcinogenesis. Currently, practical oncology uses 12 anti-tumour preparations of marine origin (Fludarabine, Cytarabine, Midostaurin, Nelarabine, Eribulin mesylate, Brentuximab vedotin, Trabectedin, Plitidepsin, Enfortumab vedotin, Polatuzumab vedotin, Belantamab mafodotin, Lurbinectedin), 27 substances are at different stages of clinical trials. Contemporary approaches to the treatment of oncological diseases are based on targeted methods such as immune and genetic therapies, antibody-drug conjugates, nanoparticles of biopolymers, and metals. All those methods employ bioactive compounds of marine origin. Numerous literature data from recent years indicate heightened attention to the marine pharmacology and the high potential of marine organisms for the biomedicinal and pharmaceutic industries.

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“…LC is divided into small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). NSCLC accounts for 80-85% of LC, including adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and large cell carcinoma (3)(4)(5). In the last two decades, the 5-year survival rate of NSCLC has been lower than 20%, while the 5-year survival rate of SCLC is close to 5% (5)(6)(7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in molecular mechanisms of interaction between Mycobacterium tuberculosis and lung cancer: a narrative review

Xiong¹,

Sun²,

He³

et al. 2021

Transl Lung Cancer Res

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Objective: We systematically review the molecular mechanism of the interaction between lung cancer (LC) and tuberculosis (TB), and put forward the existing problems in order to provide suggestions for early intervention and future research direction.Background: TB and LC are two global public health problems affecting human health. LC is the main cause of cancer-related death worldwide and TB is one of the leading causes of death among infectious diseases, especially in resource-poor areas. Previous studies have suggested that a history of TB may be associated with an increased risk of LC. With the improvement of LC treatment, the occurrence of pulmonary tuberculosis in the course of LC treatment is also frequently reported recently. Methods:The molecular immunological mechanisms of interaction between LC and TB, and related epidemiological literature are reviewed. The research progress and problems to be solved are summarized.Conclusions: Chronic inflammation, immune abnormalities, scar formation, gene mutations and drug effects caused by TB may be associated with the occurrence of LC induced by abnormalities in various molecular pathways. LC and decreased immunity during treatment may also increase the risk of latent TB activation or new TB infection through immune pathways. Data on dual burden areas of TB and LC are still lacking, and more clinical studies are needed to elucidate the association.

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RNA-based therapies: A cog in the wheel of lung cancer defense

Cited by 65 publications

References 314 publications

Identification of Differentially Expressed and Prognostic lncRNAs for the Construction of ceRNA Networks in Lung Adenocarcinoma

Identification of Differentially Expressed and Prognostic lncRNAs for the Construction of ceRNA Networks in Lung Adenocarcinoma

Anti-tumour drugs of marine origin currently at various stages of clinical trials (review)

Advances in molecular mechanisms of interaction between Mycobacterium tuberculosis and lung cancer: a narrative review

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