RNA Modification in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Abstract

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by damage to the intestinal mucosa, which is caused by a combination of factors. These include genetic and epigenetic alterations, environmental influence, microorganism interactions, and immune conditions. Some populations with IBD show a cancer-prone phenotype. Recent studies have provided insight into the involvement of RNA modifications in the specific pathogenesis of IBD through regulation of RNA biology in epithelial and immune cells. Studies of several RNA modification-targeting reagents have shown preferable outcomes in patients with colitis. Here, we note a new awareness of RNA modification in the targeting of IBD and related diseases, which will contribute to early diagnosis, disease monitoring, and possible control by innovative therapeutic approaches.

Fat and proteolysis due to methionine, tryptophan, and niacin deficiency leads to alterations in gut microbiota and immune modulation in inflammatory bowel disease

“…Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a disease in which excessive inflammation is induced by a disruption of the mucosal barrier and abnormal immune response in the intestine. 1 , 2 , 3 Symptoms can be extremely intolerable, such as severe abdominal pain and diarrhea, and can significantly reduce quality of life. 4 Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are the most common forms of IBD.…”

State-of-the-Art Cancer Biology, Biodiagnostics and Therapeutics in Japan

“…Next, Kawashita et al revealed that the degree of radiation-induced mucositis can be predicted on the basis of patient lymphocyte counts at the pre-radiation stage [5]. Other studies focusing on individual cancer types are included in this Special Edition, with research on breast cancer [6], renal cell carcinoma [7,8], ovarian cancer from ovarian endometrioma [9], and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), conditions which sometimes transform into cancer-prone phenotype [10]. Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women, and Uchida et al identified the nine candidate genes constituting therapeutic targets of breast cancer using existing databases.…”

“…Kawahara et al successfully improved diagnostic efficiency in discriminating endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer (EAOC) from OE using a novel index based on the patient's age, tumor diameter, and R2 value in magnetic resonance relaxometry [9]. Moreover, Nakayama et al discussed the current awareness of RNA modification in IBD [10]. Despite ample accumulated knowledge of related genes of IBD, our comprehension of the genetic changes responsible for this disease's pathogenesis are still limited.…”