Robot Gaze Behavior Affects Honesty in Human-Robot Interaction

Schellen, Elef; Bossi, Francesco; Wykowska, Agnieszka

doi:10.3389/frai.2021.663190

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…With full experimental control, we explored neural correlations of human-robot interactions in an ecologically valid setup (Matusz et al, 2019;Czeszumski et al, 2020;Nastase et al, 2020). There is vast literature on the topic of joint actions between humans and robot partners (Curioni et al, 2019a;Schellen et al, 2021;Wahn and Kingstone, 2021). Neural markers of action monitoring during human-robot interactions were studied in turn-taking tasks and utilized for brain-computer interfaces to improve communication between robots and humans Cheng, 2018, 2019a,b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coordinating With a Robot Partner Affects Neural Processing Related to Action Monitoring

et al. 2021

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Robots start to play a role in our social landscape, and they are progressively becoming responsive, both physically and socially. It begs the question of how humans react to and interact with robots in a coordinated manner and what the neural underpinnings of such behavior are. This exploratory study aims to understand the differences in human-human and human-robot interactions at a behavioral level and from a neurophysiological perspective. For this purpose, we adapted a collaborative dynamical paradigm from the literature. We asked 12 participants to hold two corners of a tablet while collaboratively guiding a ball around a circular track either with another participant or a robot. In irregular intervals, the ball was perturbed outward creating an artificial error in the behavior, which required corrective measures to return to the circular track again. Concurrently, we recorded electroencephalography (EEG). In the behavioral data, we found an increased velocity and positional error of the ball from the track in the human-human condition vs. human-robot condition. For the EEG data, we computed event-related potentials. We found a significant difference between human and robot partners driven by significant clusters at fronto-central electrodes. The amplitudes were stronger with a robot partner, suggesting a different neural processing. All in all, our exploratory study suggests that coordinating with robots affects action monitoring related processing. In the investigated paradigm, human participants treat errors during human-robot interaction differently from those made during interactions with other humans. These results can improve communication between humans and robot with the use of neural activity in real-time.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coordinating With a Robot Partner Affects Neural Processing Related to Action Monitoring

et al. 2021

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“…Very few studies were found that considered the human factor with RPA in depth. Our literature search for related studies addressed the area of Human-Robot Interaction (HRI), which studies the interaction between robots and humans (Fontanillo Lopez et al, 2020;Schellen et al, 2021). Although the subject of relationship between humans and automata is not new, the study of HRI became more prominent in the 1980s, when behavior-based robotics started using distributed sense-response loops to generate appropriate responses to external stimuli.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technology for the greater good? The influence of (ir)responsible systems on human emotions, thinking and behavior

2024

Frontiers Research Topics

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Frontiers is more than just an open access publisher of scholarly articles: it is a pioneering approach to the world of academia, radically improving the way scholarly research is managed. The grand vision of Frontiers is a world where all people have an equal opportunity to seek, share and generate knowledge. Frontiers provides immediate and permanent online open access to all its publications, but this alone is not enough to realize our grand goals. Frontiers journal seriesThe Frontiers journal series is a multi-tier and interdisciplinary set of openaccess, online journals, promising a paradigm shift from the current review, selection and dissemination processes in academic publishing. All Frontiers journals are driven by researchers for researchers; therefore, they constitute a service to the scholarly community. At the same time, the Frontiers journal series operates on a revolutionary invention, the tiered publishing system, initially addressing specific communities of scholars, and gradually climbing up to broader public understanding, thus serving the interests of the lay society, too. Dedication to qualityEach Frontiers article is a landmark of the highest quality, thanks to genuinely collaborative interactions between authors and review editors, who include some of the world's best academicians. Research must be certified by peers before entering a stream of knowledge that may eventually reach the public -and shape society; therefore, Frontiers only applies the most rigorous and unbiased reviews. Frontiers revolutionizes research publishing by freely delivering the most outstanding research, evaluated with no bias from both the academic and social point of view. By applying the most advanced information technologies, Frontiers is catapulting scholarly publishing into a new generation. What are Frontiers Research Topics?Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers journals series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area.

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“…The decision-making task was related to giving honest or deceptive feedback to iCub. The authors found that fewer deception choices occurred after trials in which iCub established mutual gaze as a feedback ( Schellen, Bossi, & Wykowska, 2021 ). In a recent EEG study, Kompatsiari and colleagues examined oscillatory brain response to mutual and averted gaze established by the iCub robot during an attentional cuing task ( Kompatsiari, Bossi, & Wykowska, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robot’s Social Gaze Affects Conflict Resolution but not Conflict Adaptations

Ciardo

Wykowska

2022

Journal of Cognition

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Robots are a new category of social agents that, thanks to their embodiment, can be used to train and support cognitive skills such as cognitive control. Several studies showed that cognitive control mechanisms are sensitive to affective states induced by humor, mood, and symbolic feedback such as monetary rewards. In the present study, we investigated whether the social gaze of a humanoid robot can affect cognitive control mechanisms. To this end, in two experiments, we evaluated both the conflict resolution and trial-by-trial adaptations during an auditory Simon task, as a function of the type of feedback participants received in the previous trial from the iCub robot, namely, mutual or avoiding gaze behaviour. Across three experiments, we compared the effect of mutual, avoiding (Exp1 and Exp2), and neutral (Exp3) gaze feedback between screen-based (Exp1) and physically embodied setups (Exp2 and Exp3). Results showed that iCub's social gaze feedback modulated conflict resolution, but not conflict adaptations. Specifically, the Simon effect was increased following mutual gaze feedback from iCub. Moreover, the modulatory effect was observed for the embodied setup in which the robot could engage or avoid eye contact in real-time (Exp2) but not for the screen-based setting (Exp1). Our findings showed for the first time that social feedback in Human-Robot Interaction, such as social gaze, can be used to modulate cognitive control. The results highlight the advantage of using robots to evaluate and train complex cognitive skills in both healthy and clinical populations.

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Robot Gaze Behavior Affects Honesty in Human-Robot Interaction

Cited by 9 publications

References 55 publications

Coordinating With a Robot Partner Affects Neural Processing Related to Action Monitoring

Coordinating With a Robot Partner Affects Neural Processing Related to Action Monitoring

Technology for the greater good? The influence of (ir)responsible systems on human emotions, thinking and behavior

Robot’s Social Gaze Affects Conflict Resolution but not Conflict Adaptations

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