Robust Beamforming and Outage Performance of Uplink Multiuser Satellite-Aerial-Terrestrial Networks With Mixed RF-FSO Channels

Liu, Xiaoyu; Gu, Chenwei; Guo, Kefeng; Cheng, Ming; Lin, Min; Zhu, Wei-Ping

doi:10.1109/jphot.2021.3098328

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Considering the multiuser scheduling for asymmetric FSO/RF links in satellite-UAV-terrestrial network, the author in [29] proposed a fairness resource scheduling method base on Jain's fairness index (JFI). In order to improve the outage performance of the satelliteaerial-terrestrial network with mixed FSO/RF channels, a robust beamforming scheme was proposed in [30]. A rate adaptation scheme based on satellite-HAPS-UAV-terrestrial network was proposed in [31], by reducing frequently switching between FSO and RF, the system outage performance and spectrum efficiency were improved compared with fixed rate design.…”

Section: B Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

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RIS Assisted UAV for Weather-Dependent Satellite Terrestrial Integrated Network With Hybrid FSO/RF Systems

Li,

Song

et al. 2023

IEEE Photonics J.

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In this paper, we investigate the performance of hybrid free-space optical (FSO) and radio frequency (RF) relay systems in satellite terrestrial integrated network where the effect of weather conditions is taking into consideration. Specifically, we design three different relay schemes in different weather conditions based on high-altitude platform station (HAPS) and reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) assisted unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The RF link is modeled by shadowed Rician model while the FSO link is assumed to follow the Gamma-Gamma distribution in the presence of path loss, pointing errors and angle-of-arrival (AOA) fluctuations where it operates under either intensity modulation with direct detection (IM/DD) or heterodyne detection (HD). The performance of our proposed scheme is evaluated in terms of outage probability, average bit-error rate (BER) and ergodic capacity in the form of bivariate Fox's H function and bivariate Meijer's G function. Moreover, asymptotic results and diversity order for the outage and average BER at high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regime are also obtained to get more insights. Finally, numerical results and comparison scheme are provided to verify the accuracy and superiority of our scheme.

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Section: B Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By using [47, eq. (1.1)], we can obtain the end-to-end SNR given in (30). APPENDIX C CDF OF THE END-TO-END SNR OF MODE 4 This appendix derives closed-form expression for the CDF of F 4 (γ).…”

Section: Appendix B Cdf Of the End-to-end Snr Of Modementioning

confidence: 99%

RIS Assisted UAV for Weather-Dependent Satellite Terrestrial Integrated Network With Hybrid FSO/RF Systems

Li,

Song

et al. 2023

IEEE Photonics J.

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“…FSO Link RF Link GG [171,175,210,182,192,193,198,203,207 -209,220,222,228,229,240,242] Rayleigh [175,193,198,199,222] Weibull [183] [236] Malaga-M [173,225] Nakagami-m [183,192,201,207,220,225,228,2 29,191] Log-Normal [191,219,239,161] Negative Exponential [199] Rician [203,208,209,171]…”

Section: Fading Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moving UAVs outfitted with buffers are employed by Fawaz et al [ 172 ] to act as relay nodes in a relay-assisted heterogeneous network that includes both fixed and moving relay nodes. Liu et al [ 173 ] examine an uplink transmission in a SATN since an aerial platform operates as an AF relay that helps the communication between the multi-users and satellite, as shown before in Figure 6 . Users communicate with the relay using RF transmission.…”

Section: Fso Network With Relay Assistmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey of Hybrid Free Space Optics (FSO) Communication Networks to Achieve 5G Connectivity for Backhauling

Aboelala

Lee

Chung

2022

Entropy

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Increased capacity, higher data rate, decreased latency, and better service quality are examples of the primary objectives or needs that must be catered to in the near future, i.e., fifth-generation (5G) and beyond. To fulfil these needs, cellular network design must be drastically improved. The 5G cellular network design, huge multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology, and device-to-device communication are all highlighted in this comprehensive study. Hence, free-space optics (FSO) is a promising solution to address this field. However, FSO standalone is insufficient during turbulent weather conditions. FSO systems possess some limitations, such as being able to be disturbed by any interference between sender and receiver such as a flying bird and a tree, as it requires line-of-sight (LOS) connectivity. Moreover, it is sensitive to weather conditions; the FSO performance significantly decreases in bad weather conditions such as fog and snow; those factors deteriorate the performance of FSO. This paper conducts a systematic survey on the existing projects in the same area of research such as the hybrid FSO/Radio frequency (RF) communication system by listing each technique used for each model to achieve optimum performance in terms of data rate and Bit Error Rate (BER) to be implemented in 5G networks.

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“…The duties and benefits of SatCom in 5G have been already investigated by the 3GPP. However, due to the overcrowded spectrum, the conventional radio frequency (RF) link between the ground station and satellite will be unable to meet the quality and throughput of service in the future 4 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance analysis of weather‐dependent satellite–terrestrial network with rate adaptation hybrid free‐space optical and radio frequency link

Zhao

et al. 2022

Satell Commun Network

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Summary Due to the rapid development of satellite laser communication technology, free‐space optical (FSO) links present a promising alternative to traditional radio frequency (RF) links. In this paper, taking the influence of weather factors into consideration, we investigate the performance of the hybrid FSO/RF links where the feeder link operates in the FSO band and the user link operates in the hybrid FSO/RF band. Specifically, the FSO feeder link is modeled by the gamma–gamma distribution in the presence of beam wander and pointing error, and the detection method adopts either the intensity modulation with direct intensity (IM/DD) or heterodyne detection. The RF user link is assumed to follow the shadowed Rician model. In addition, in order to improve the transmission rate of the link under the time‐varying satellite–terrestrial channel, a rate adaptation scheme is proposed. The performance of the system under study is evaluated in terms of the outage probability, average bit error rate (BER), and average transmission rate. Our results provide some important insights, for example, (1) due to the constraints of the feeder link and weather factors, there is an upper limit on the outage performance and bit error rate of the hybrid link; (2) the adaptive transmission strategy can significantly improve the transmission rate of the link compared with traditional design.

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Robust Beamforming and Outage Performance of Uplink Multiuser Satellite-Aerial-Terrestrial Networks With Mixed RF-FSO Channels

Cited by 12 publications

References 27 publications

RIS Assisted UAV for Weather-Dependent Satellite Terrestrial Integrated Network With Hybrid FSO/RF Systems

RIS Assisted UAV for Weather-Dependent Satellite Terrestrial Integrated Network With Hybrid FSO/RF Systems

A Survey of Hybrid Free Space Optics (FSO) Communication Networks to Achieve 5G Connectivity for Backhauling

Performance analysis of weather‐dependent satellite–terrestrial network with rate adaptation hybrid free‐space optical and radio frequency link

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