Robust Optimization of Multilayer Conductors of HTS AC Cable Using PSO and Perturbation Analysis

Abstract

For a High Temperature Superconducting (HTS) cable, a non-uniform AC current distribution among the multilayer conductors gives rise to increased AC losses. To get a uniform current distribution among the multilayer conductors, a constrained optimization model is constructed with continuous and discrete variables, such as the winding angle, radius and the winding direction of each layer. Under the constraints of the mechanical properties and critical current of the tape, the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is employed for structural parameter optimization in both warm and cold dielectric type HTS cables. A uniform current distribution among layers is realized by optimizing the structural parameters. The perturbation analysis is employed to evaluate the parameters after optimization. It is found that the robust stabilizations are different among the various optimal results. The PSO is proved to be a more powerful tool than the Genetic Algorithm (GA) for structural parameter optimization. Keywords-Current distribution, high temperature superconducting (HTS) cable, particle swarm optimization (PSO), perturbation analysis.I.

Robust Optimization in HTS Cable Based on Design for Six Sigma

“…One effective method to obtain a uniform current distribution is to alternate the inductive impedances of layers by adjusting the structural parameters of the cable conductors. Some optimization methods, such as the genetic algorithm (GA) and the particle swarm optimization (PSO), have been applied to optimize the structural parameters of HTS cable conductors to achieve the mostly uniform current distribution among layers [1].…”

Robust Optimization in HTS Cable Based on DEPSO and Design for Six Sigma

“…The critical current is derived from its relationship of the magnetic field and temperature of superconducting tape. 1 1 …”

“…İ i (X) as a function of the parameter vector X can be derived from [1]. The current distribution among layers should become more uniform when f(X) is closer to a minimal value.…”

“…2 [8]. As described in [1], the winding angle, direction and radius of each layer are selected as the design variables. For a cable of n layers, the optimized variables can be expressed as a vector:…”

“…The main method to obtain a uniform current distribution is to alternate the inductive impedances of layers by adjusting the structural parameters of the cable conductors. Many optimization methods, such as the genetic algorithm (GA) and the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, have been applied [1]. In this paper, an improved PSO with differential evolution operator (DEPSO) is presented to optimize the structural parameters of HTS cable conductors to achieve the uniform current distribution among layers.…”