Robustness of DPSK direct detection transmissionformat in standard fibre WDM systems

Rohde, M.; Caspar, C.; Heimes, N.; Konitzer, M.; Bachus, E.-J.; Hanik, Norbert

doi:10.1049/el:20000981

Cited by 100 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…with interferometric detection 1 [15]- [17], phase-shift keying (PSK) with coherent detection [18], [19], and (d) quadratureamplitude modulation (QAM) with coherent detection [20]. We argue that at spectral efficiencies below 1 b/s/Hz per polarization, binary PAM (OOK) and binary DPSK are attractive options.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectral Efficiency Limits and Modulation/Detection Techniques for DWDM Systems

Kahn

2004

IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron.

289

138

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Abstract-Information-theoretic limits to spectral efficiency in dense wavelength-division-multiplexed (DWDM) transmission systems are reviewed, considering various modulation techniques (unconstrained, constant-intensity, binary), detection techniques (coherent, direct), and propagation regimes (linear, nonlinear). Spontaneous emission from inline optical amplifiers is assumed to be the dominant noise source in all cases. Coherent detection allows use of two degrees of freedom per polarization, and its spectral efficiency limits are several b/s/Hz in typical terrestrial systems, even considering nonlinear effects. Using either constant-intensity modulation or direct detection, only one degree of freedom per polarization can be used, significantly reducing spectral efficiency. Using binary modulation, regardless of detection technique, spectral efficiency cannot exceed 1 b/s/Hz per polarization. When the number of signal and/or noise photons is small, the particle nature of photons must be considered. The quantum-limited spectral efficiency for coherent detection is slightly smaller than the classical capacity, but that for direct detection is 0.3 b/s/Hz higher than its classical counterpart. Various binary and nonbinary modulation techniques, in conjunction with appropriate detection techniques, are compared in terms of their spectral efficiencies and signal-to-noise ratio requirements, assuming amplified spontaneous emission is the dominant noise source. These include a) pulse-amplitude modulation with direct detection, b) differential phase-shift keying with interferometric detection, c) phase-shift keying with coherent detection, and d) quadrature-amplitude modulation with coherent detection.

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confidence: 99%

Spectral Efficiency Limits and Modulation/Detection Techniques for DWDM Systems

Kahn

2004

IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron.

289

138

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“…The non-linear propagation [33] in Optical Transmission systems is only valid for DPSK FOC digital modulation techniques. For 400 Gb/s performance, it requires DPSK receiver Optical channel monitoring in optical line system.…”

Section: Differential Phase Shift Keyingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Analysis and Monitoring of Various Advanced Digital Modulation and Multiplexing Techniques of F.O.C Within and Beyond 400 Gb/S

Mohapatra¹,

Choudhury²,

Bhojray³

et al. 2014

IJCNC

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“…the MZI interferometer is used for the signal detection in DPSK format which gives a reduced detection complexity then coherent detection. [4] These types of PSK modulation such as DPSK and DQPSK systems are better modulation formats then a complex PSK modulation format for high speed WDM systems. …”

Section: Phase Shift Keyingmentioning

confidence: 99%