Role of cerebrospinal fluid tau protein levels as a biomarker of brain injury in pediatric status epilepticus

Sood, Shivanjali; Azad, Chandrika; Kaur, Jasbinder; Kumar, Pankaj; Guglani, Vishal; Singla, Seema

doi:10.1080/00207454.2021.1976172

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…According to neuropathological results, between 6 to 47 percent of those with dementia have cerebrovascular disease. These findings point to the potential role of homeostatic mechanisms in AD and raise the question of whether dementias caused by vascular processes are fundamentally different from those caused by Aβ42 and tau protein accumulation, or if both pathological processes have a synergistic effect on cognitive function [145][146]. According to the "double-stroke" theory of Alzheimer's disease, vascular risk factors ("first stroke") cause blood-brain barrier dysfunction and a reduction in cerebral blood flow, resulting in reduced blood supply to the area (oligoemia).…”

Section: Cerebrovascular Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In addition to the mechanisms discussed previously, studies have shown that advanced glycation end products (AGEs) induce neuronal death via cell death pathways, as well as stimulating APP processing via increased expression of complexes β and γ-secretases (BACE and PSEN1), in a process involving reactive oxygen species generation [141]. Furthermore, Aβ peptide can be glycated nonenzymatically, making it a more neurotoxic AGE than its non-glycated counterpart [142].…”

Section: Type Ll Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Elementary Pathophysiology, Treatment, Risk Factor of Alzheimer’s Disease

2022

IRJMETS

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Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia. It typically manifests as a progressive loss of episodic memory and cognitive function, resulting in language and visuospatial skill deficiencies that are frequently accompanied by behavioural disorders such as apathy, aggression, and depression. The development of extracellular plaques of insoluble Aβ-amyloid peptide (Aβ) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) containing hyperphosphorylated tau protein (P-tau) in the neuronal cytoplasm in patients' brains is a notable pathophysiological cause. Genetics account for approximately 70% of the chance of acquiring AD. Acquired variables like as cerebrovascular illness, diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and dyslipidemia, on the other hand, enhance the chance of AD development. The purpose of this minireview was to summarise the pathophysiological mechanism, which is a component of clinical trials on therapeutics & risk fact for Alzheimer's disease.

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Section: Cerebrovascular Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Type Ll Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elementary Pathophysiology, Treatment, Risk Factor of Alzheimer’s Disease

2022

IRJMETS

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“…Sood et al [44] investigated the role of CSF t-TAU in children with SE and found that t-TAU levels were significantly lower in SE patients than in controls, without significant correlations with type, duration, etiology, response to antiseizure medications, poor sensorium, outcome of SE, and critical care needs. Thus, these authors concluded that CSF t-TAU was not a useful diagnostic or prognostic biomarker in pediatric SE.…”

Section: Tau/p-taumentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluid Biomarkers of Neuro-Glial Injury in Human Status Epilepticus: A Systematic Review

Giovannini,

Meletti

2023

IJMS

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As per the latest ILAE definition, status epilepticus (SE) may lead to long-term irreversible consequences, such as neuronal death, neuronal injury, and alterations in neuronal networks. Consequently, there is growing interest in identifying biomarkers that can demonstrate and quantify the extent of neuronal and glial injury. Despite numerous studies conducted on animal models of status epilepticus, which clearly indicate seizure-induced neuronal and glial injury, as well as signs of atrophy and gliosis, evidence in humans remains limited to case reports and small case series. The implications of identifying such biomarkers in clinical practice are significant, including improved prognostic stratification of patients and the early identification of those at high risk of developing irreversible complications. Moreover, the clinical validation of these biomarkers could be crucial in promoting neuroprotective strategies in addition to antiseizure medications. In this study, we present a systematic review of research on biomarkers of neuro-glial injury in patients with status epilepticus.

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Role of cerebrospinal fluid tau protein levels as a biomarker of brain injury in pediatric status epilepticus

Cited by 2 publications

References 18 publications

Elementary Pathophysiology, Treatment, Risk Factor of Alzheimer’s Disease

Elementary Pathophysiology, Treatment, Risk Factor of Alzheimer’s Disease

Fluid Biomarkers of Neuro-Glial Injury in Human Status Epilepticus: A Systematic Review

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