Role of cytokinins in growth correlations between roots and stems in pea (Pisum sativum L.) seedlings

Abstract

Pea seeds were swollen in solutions with different concentrations of cytokinin benzyladenine (BA). As compared with controls, a low concentration of BA (0.05 mg/l) did not affect the growth of stems and roots of twelve-day-old seedlings but concentrations of 0.20-4.00 mg/l showed an inhibiting effect; this inhibition was proportional to the concentration of BA. In controls the ratio between the lengths of stems and roots was equal to 1.14, while in seedlings influenced by BA in concentration of 0.20 mg/l its value was significantly lowered to 0.91. Also in six-day-old pea seedlings cultivated under in vitro conditions, BA concentrations of 0.70 and 3.30 mg/l inhibited the growth of roots and epicotyls and significantly increased the production of ethylene (by 150 and 330%, respectively). Three hours after the amputation of the root of five-day-old pea seedlings the level of cytokinin trans-zeatin increased in the apical part of the stem. Within the interval of 48 hours after the amputation of the root the concentration of this plant hormone gradually decreased again. The initial increase in the zeatin level in the stem indicates that the absence of the root induces a reduction of growth-inhibiting effects of roots, which negatively influences the zeatin level in the stem apex at the beginning of germination.

High nitrate supply reduces growth in maize, from cell to whole plant

“…Similar effects have been observed in different Arabidopsis thaliana mutants that overproduce cytokinins (Catterou et al, 2002;Nogué et al, 2000). Finally, CKs have also been reported to regulate ethylene synthesis in many plant species, including A. thaliana (Cary et al, 1995), Pisum sativum (Fiserowá et al, 2006) and Pelargonium × hortorum (Wojtania and Węgrzynowicz-Lesiak, 2012). In our study, plants supplied with high nitrate increased their ACC content in the aerial part ( Fig.…”

Understanding the effect of organic pollutant fluoranthene on pea in vitro using cytokinins, ethylene, ethane and carbon dioxide as indicators

“…Contents of ethylene and ethane were analysed in the flame-ionisation detector-gas chromatograph (GC-FID) (GC800 Series with 50 m capillary column Al 2 O 3 ,,S'' 15 lm, ID 0.53 mm, Fissons Instrument, Italy). Temperatures of the packing, column and detector for the assessment of gas hydrocarbons were 230, 40 and 200°C, respectively (Fišerová et al 2006). The level of CO 2 was estimated in a gas chromatograph (Chrom 5 with a catharometer with a 1.5 m long Porapak Q Column, Prague, Czech Republic).…”