Role of ethylene diurea (EDU) in assessing impact of ozone on Vigna radiata L. plants in a suburban area of Allahabad (India)

Agrawal, Shashi Bhushan; Singh, Anoop; Rathore, Dheeraj

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.01.087

Cited by 70 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Notably, plants selected for the present experiment are among the most sensitive crops (Feng and Kobayashi, 2009), and they have been exposed to very high ambient ozone concentration, therefore deleterious effects of ozone on E-plants are more evident than in other studies. On the other hand, as observed in the present study in sensitive genotypes, a common response of plants to EDU is a relative increase in chlorophyll and carotenoids (Agrawal et al, 2005;Feng et al, 2010a;Singh and Agrawal, 2011). Ozone induces ROS production which damages chloroplast membranes and associated molecules such as chlorophylls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…However, direct chemical scavenging has not been demonstrated so far. EDU may also act as a plant activator as it might induce total ascorbic acid synthesis (Agrawal et al, 2005;Manning et al, 2011;Paoletti et al, 2008). AsA is a key metabolite in antioxidant system that protects plant from ROS, acting as a chemical scavenger and/or as a substrate of extracellular enzymes such as the ascorbate peroxidase (APX), therefore affecting propagation of initial ozone signal (Burkey et al, 2006;Dizengremel et al, 2013;Feng et al, 2010b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing the effects of ambient ozone in China on snap bean genotypes by using ethylenediurea (EDU)

Yuan

Calatayud

Jiang

et al. 2015

Environmental Pollution

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the effects of ambient ozone in China on snap bean genotypes by using ethylenediurea (EDU)

Yuan

Calatayud

Jiang

et al. 2015

Environmental Pollution

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“…Because of its oxidative capacity, high O 3 levels in the atmosphere are detrimental to living organisms, including plants. Ozone is among the most damaging air pollutants to which plants are exposed, and produces substantive plant biomass and yield (seed weight) reductions (Thompson 1992;Agrawal et al 2005;Manning 2005;Hassan 2006;Hassan and Tewfik 2006;Singh et al 2009aSingh et al , 2014Wahid 2006 a, b;Sarkar and Agrawal 2010a, b;Tripathi and Agrawal 2013). The economic loss for 23 horticultural and agricultural crops from O 3 exposure was estimated to be approximately $6.7 billion for the year 2000 in Europe (Holland et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Assessment of Ethylene Diurea-Induced Protection in Plants Against Ozone Phytotoxicity

Singh

Agrawal

et al. 2014

Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Volume 233

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Urbanization, industrialization and unsustainable utilization of natural resources have made tropospheric ozone (03) one of the world's most significant air pollutants. Past studies reveal that 0 3 is a phytotoxic air pollutant that causes or enhances food insecurity across the globe. Plant sensitivity, tolerance and resistance to 0 3 involve a wide array of responses that range from growth to the physiological, biochemical and molecular. Although plants have an array of defense systems to combat oxidative stress from 0 3 exposure, they still suffer sizable yield reductions. In recent years, the ground-level 0 3 concentrations to which crop plants have been exposed have caused yield loses that are economically damaging. Several types of chemicals have been applied or used to mitigate the effects produced by 0 3 on plants. These include agrochemicals (fungicides, insecticides, plant growth regulators), natural antioxidants, and others. Such treatments have been effective to one degree to another, in ameliorating Or generated stress in plants. Ethylene diurea (EDU) has been the most effective protectant used and has also served as a monitoring agent for assessing plant yield losses from 0 3 exposure. In this review, we summarize the data on how EDU has been used, the treatment methods tested, and application doses found to be both protective and toxic in plants. We have also summarized data that address the nature and modes of action (biophysical and biochemical) of EDU. In general, the literature discloses that EDU is effective in reducing ozone damage to plants, and indicates that EDU should be more widely used on 0 3 sensitive plants as a tool for biomonitoring of 0 3 concentrations. Biomonitoring studies that utilize EDU are very useful for rural and remote areas and in developing countries where 0 3 monitoring is constrained from unavailability of electricity. The mechanism(s) by which EDU prevents 0 3 toxicity in plants is still not completely known. EDU possesses great utility for screening plant sensitivity under field conditions in areas that experience high 0 3 concentrations, because EDU prevents 0 3 toxicity only in 0 3 sensitive plants. Ozone-resistant plants do not respond positively to EDU applications. However, EDU application dose and frequency must be standardized before it can be effectively and widely used for screening 0 3 sensitivity in plants. EDU acts primarily by enhancing biochemical plant defense and delaying Or induced senescence, thereby reducing chlorophyll loss, and maintaining physiological efficiency and primary metabolites; these actions enhance growth, biomass and yield of plants. We believe that future studies are needed to better address the EDU dose response relationship for many plant species, and to screen for new cultivars that can resist 0 3 stress. Although some research on the physiological and biochemical mechanisms of action of EDU have been performed, the new 'omics' tools have not been utilized to evaluate EDUs mechanism of action. Such data are needed, as is gene exp...

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“…In ecophysiological terms, this may be translated to an exit of plants from the resistance phase of functional state and a heading towards the path of state of exhaustion (Larcher, 2003), or to a possible staying of plants to the resistance phase for a longer Singh et al 2009Singh et al 2009Lee et al 1981Tiwari and Agrawal, 2009Brunschon-Harti et al 1995Singh et al 2010aLee et al 1981Szantoi et al 2007, 2009Zilinskas et al 1990Szantoi et al 2007Singh et al 2009Szantoi et al 2007, 2009Agrawal et al 2005Szantoi et al 2007, 2009Singh et al 2010aZilinskas et al 1990Cannon et al 1993Lee et al 1981Szantoi et al 2007Tiwari and Agrawal, 2010Lee et al 1981Kuehler and Flagler, 1999Szantoi et al 2007, 2009Tiwari and Agrawal, 2010Singh et al 2010aSingh et al 2009Singh et al 2009Lee et al 1981 Singh et al Astorino et al 1995;Eckardt and Pell, 1996;Singh et al 2009;Scheepers et al 2010;Singh et al 2010b;Tiwari and Agrawal, 2010;Wahid et al 2012Scheepers et al 2010Eckardt and Pel...…”

Section: Edu-induced O 3 Protectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…EDU can be applied in the field to assess the O 3 -impact on plants when O 3 concentrations are high (Carnahan et al 1978;Bytnerowicz et al 1993;Kostka-Rick and Manning, 1993a;Hassan et al 1995;Ainsworth et al 1996;Tonneijck and van Dijk, 1997;Manning et al 2003;Agrawal et al 2005;Tiwari et al 2005;Szantoi et al 2007;Wang et al 2007;Paoletti et al 2009;Singh et al 2009;Tiwari and Agrawal, 2009;Feng et al 2010;Scheepers et al 2010;Singh et al 2010a;Manning et al 2011). In addition, Manning et al (2011) highlighted EDU role in screening plants sensitivity to O 3 and understanding the O 3 mode of action.…”

Section: Edu As a Research Toolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethylene-di-urea (EDU), an effective phytoproctectant against O<sub>3</sub> deleterious effects and a valuable research tool

Agathokleous

Koike

Watanabe

et al. 2015

J. Agric. Meteorol.

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Ground-surface ozone (O 3 ) has been increasing over the last decades, and it is now well known that crop and forestry plants suffer from elevated O 3 levels. Ethylene-di-urea (EDU) is considered a chemical that offers protection to the treated plants against Ο 3 . Increasing evidence on the antiozonate efficacy of EDU against the phytotoxic action of O 3 is becoming more readily available. We aimed to review the current literatures on the EDU effects on plants, summarize the findings, note any problems, and formulate conclusions from the existing researches. EDU is a very promising antiozonant with its antiozonate action being observed when applied to roots in the concentrations of 275.7 to 374.3 mg L -1 , or on leaves in the concentrations of 365.1 to 519.5 mg L -1. There is an evidence that EDU was more effective in some cultivars compared with others although this remains inexplicable. Additionally, the biochemical mechanism of its antiozonate activity is not well understood and requires parallel toxicological studies. In summary, EDU must play an important role in O 3 research in the future.

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Role of ethylene diurea (EDU) in assessing impact of ozone on Vigna radiata L. plants in a suburban area of Allahabad (India)

Cited by 70 publications

References 46 publications

Assessing the effects of ambient ozone in China on snap bean genotypes by using ethylenediurea (EDU)

Assessing the effects of ambient ozone in China on snap bean genotypes by using ethylenediurea (EDU)

Assessment of Ethylene Diurea-Induced Protection in Plants Against Ozone Phytotoxicity

Ethylene-di-urea (EDU), an effective phytoproctectant against O<sub>3</sub> deleterious effects and a valuable research tool

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