Role of high normal gamma-glutamyltransferase level in identifying heavy alcohol use in young men

Daeppen, Jean‐Bernard; Anex, F; Leutwyler, Joëlle; Secrétan, Françoise; Gammeter, Roland; Besson, Jacques; Darioli, R.; Chossis, Isabelle

doi:10.1016/j.alcohol.2003.11.004

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Although the CEofix kit was promoted for CE instruments of Beckman Coulter, it was also used on other CE instruments as was shown for the HP 3D‐CE system by Daeppen et al. . The kit comprised an initiator solution composed of a pH 4.8 malic acid/arginine buffer with the polycation and the pH 8.5 Tris/boric acid running buffer containing the polyanion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…dilution of the serum with an Fe (III) containing reagent, CZE‐based CDT assays do not require any sample preparation. Routine methods with their cut‐off values are listed in Table , whereas comparative CDT data determined with CZE and other assays are summarized in Table . CDT routine analyses by CZE are performed on (i) the well distributed automated multicapillary platforms Capillarys 1, Capillarys 2, and MINICAP (that feature eight, eight, and two capillaries, respectively) of Sebia (Evry, France), and (ii) single capillary P/ACE instruments of Beckman Coulter (models 2200, 5500, MDQ, PA‐800; Fullerton, CA, USA) using the CEofix CDT reagents of Analis (Suarlée, Belgium) or homemade reagents (Verona assay).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CZE‐based assays for CDT are primarily used to monitor CDT in clinical and forensic laboratories as an aid to investigate whether a person is consuming moderate‐to‐high amounts of alcohol over an extended period. Furthermore, CZE was employed to assess the performance of asialo‐Tf in detecting alcohol abuse , to estimate the apparent half‐lives of asialo‐Tf and disialo‐Tf via Tf isoform monitoring of a patient with a relapse drinking episode , to establish that disialo‐Tf is an accurate marker for alcoholic cause of acute pancreatitis , to find that primary biliary cirrhosis is not a clinical condition for increased CDT , to suggest that a distinctly incomplete separation between disialo‐Tf and trisialo‐Tf could be related to alcohol‐induced liver cirrhosis , to conclude that disialo‐Tf could be increased during sepsis , to find a high prevalence of trisialo‐Tf in patients with anorexia nervosa , to determine CDT in blood microsamples of newborns in the context of the search for glycosylation defects , to correctly measure CDT in sera of argininosuccinate lyase deficiency patients , to identify young heavy drinkers during the army recruitment process of 19‐year‐old Swiss males , to confirm the high prevalence of chronic alcohol abusers among drunken drivers and the usefulness of CDT as a predictor of the risk of driving under the influence of alcohol , to assess the use of CDT as marker for driver's license renewal or regranting , and to find a high incidence of chronic alcohol abusers in blood specimens collected from drivers that contained medicinal and abused drugs .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Monitoring of alcohol markers by capillary electrophoresis

Caslavska

Thormann

2012

J of Separation Science

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Work dealing with the monitoring of alcohol markers by CE performed during the past two decades led to the development of assays for carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT), ethyl sulfate, ethyl glucuronide, and phosphatidylethanol in body fluids and first attempts for the detection of the urinary 5-hydroxytryptophol/5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid ratio and stable hemoglobin acetaldehyde adducts. Most notably are assays for CDT that have been commercialized and are being used in many laboratories under routine conditions. This paper provides insight into the development, specifications, and use of the currently known CE-based assays suitable to detect alcohol markers. The achievements reached so far indicate that CE is an attractive technology for monitoring alcohol markers. This is particularly seen with the CDT assays that do not require an elaborate sample pretreatment and thus could be fully automated for high-throughput analyses on multicapillary instruments.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Monitoring of alcohol markers by capillary electrophoresis

Caslavska

Thormann

2012

J of Separation Science

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Can routine information from electronic patient records predict a future diagnosis of alcohol use disorder?

Lid

Eide

Dalen

et al. 2016

Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care

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ObjectiveTo explore whether information regarding potentially alcohol-related health incidents recorded in electronic patient records might aid in earlier identification of alcohol use disorders.DesignWe extracted potentially alcohol-related information in electronic patient records and tested if alcohol-related diagnoses, prescriptions of codeine, tramadol, ethylmorphine, and benzodiazepines; elevated levels of gamma-glutamyl-transferase (GGT), and mean cell volume (MCV); and new sick leave certificates predicted specific alcohol use disorder.SettingNine general practitioner surgeries with varying size and stability.SubjectsTotally 20,764 patients with active electronic patient record until data gathering and with a history of at least four years without a specific alcohol use disorder after turning 18 years of age.MethodsThe Cox proportional hazard analysis with time-dependent covariates of potential accumulated risks over the previous four years.Main outcome measuresTime from inclusion until the first specific alcohol use disorder, defined by either an alcohol specific diagnostic code or a text fragment documenting an alcohol problem.ResultsIn the unadjusted and adjusted Cox-regression with time-dependent covariates all variables were highly significant with adjusted hazard ratios ranging from 1.25 to 3.50. Addictive drugs, sick leaves, GGT, MCV and International Classification for Primary Care version 2 (ICPC-2), and International Classification of Diseases version 10 (ICD-10) diagnoses were analyzed. Elevated GGT and MCV, ICD-10-diagnoses, and gender demonstrated the highest hazard ratios.ConclusionsMany frequent health problems are potential predictors of an increased risk or vulnerability for alcohol use disorders. However, due to the modest hazard ratios, we were unable to establish a clinically useful tool.Key Points Alcohol is potentially relevant for many health problems, but current strategies for identification and intervention in primary health care have not been successful.Many frequent clinical problems recorded in electronic patient records may indicate an increased risk for alcohol related health problems.The hazard ratios were modest and the resulting predictive model was unsatisfactory for diagnostic purposes. If we accepted a sensitivity as low as 0.50, the specificity slightly exceeded 0.75. With a low prevalent condition, it is obvious that the false positive problem will be vast.In addition to responding to elevated blood levels of liver enzymes, general practitioners should be aware of alcohol as a potentially relevant factor for patients with repeated events of many mental and psychosocial diagnoses and new sick leaves and repeated prescriptions of addictive drugs.

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Effect of Age and Gender on the Relationship between Alcohol Consumption and Serum GGT: Time to Recalibrate Goals for Normal Ranges

Tynjälä

Kangastupa

Laatikainen

et al. 2012

Alcohol and Alcoholism

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The data pertaining to the present population sample indicate that rather low levels of reported regular ethanol consumption lead to elevated levels of GGT and that age over 40 markedly enhances the impact of alcohol consumption on GGT activity. The present findings should form the basis for defining safe levels of ethanol consumption and in recalibrating goals for normal limits in the clinical use of GGT measurements.

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Role of high normal gamma-glutamyltransferase level in identifying heavy alcohol use in young men

Cited by 3 publications

References 15 publications

Monitoring of alcohol markers by capillary electrophoresis

Monitoring of alcohol markers by capillary electrophoresis

Can routine information from electronic patient records predict a future diagnosis of alcohol use disorder?

Effect of Age and Gender on the Relationship between Alcohol Consumption and Serum GGT: Time to Recalibrate Goals for Normal Ranges

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