Role of K+ and Ca2+-Permeable Channels in Osteoblast Functions

Abstract

Bone-forming cells or osteoblasts play an important role in bone modeling and remodeling processes. Osteoblast differentiation or osteoblastogenesis is orchestrated by multiple intracellular signaling pathways (e.g., bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) and Wnt signaling pathways) and is modulated by the extracellular environment (e.g., parathyroid hormone (PTH), vitamin D, transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), and integrins). The regulation of bone homeostasis depends on the proper differentiation and function of osteoblast lineage cells from osteogenic precursors to osteocytes. Intracellular Ca2+ signaling relies on the control of numerous processes in osteoblast lineage cells, including cell growth, differentiation, migration, and gene expression. In addition, hyperpolarization via the activation of K+ channels indirectly promotes Ca2+ signaling in osteoblast lineage cells. An improved understanding of the fundamental physiological and pathophysiological processes in bone homeostasis requires detailed investigations of osteoblast lineage cells. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the functional impacts of K+ channels and Ca2+-permeable channels, which critically regulate Ca2+ signaling in osteoblast lineage cells to maintain bone homeostasis.

Isolation, Identification, and Characterization of Bioactive Peptides in Human Bone Cells from Tortoiseshell and Deer Antler Gelatin

“…The hFOB1.19 cell numbers were manually counted after treatment with their respective peptides for 24 h. As shown in Figure 2 , the optimal working concentrations for peptides 5, 4, 3, and 2 were 0.9, 0.6, 0.45, and 0.45 µM, respectively. Calcium ions alone can trigger critical osteoblast proliferation and differentiation signals during bone remodeling [ 8 ]. To further elucidate the synergistic interactions between calcium ions and the above peptides, cell-proliferation experiments were carried out in the presence of 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 1.2, and 3.6 µM CaCl 2 .…”

Generating bioactive and antiseptic interfaces with nano-silver hydroxyapatite-based coatings by pulsed electrochemical deposition for long-term efficient cervical soft tissue sealing

“…This might be due to the strong osteodifferentiation and osteoregeneration of HA on mesenchymal stem cells 67 as well as a large release of the Ca 2+ ions, which prompted osteoblast differentiation and mineralization. 68 Unlike natural teeth, the connective tissue around implant abutment was prone to a chronic inflammatory conditions rather than a defense structure. 69 In vivo, abutment within transmucosal regions manipulates the ''race-for-the-surface'' between pathogenic multispecies and connective tissue cells.…”

“…This might be due to the strong osteodifferentiation and osteoregeneration of HA on mesenchymal stem cells 67 as well as a large release of the Ca 2+ ions, which prompted osteoblast differentiation and mineralization. 68…”

Ca2+-Activated K+ Channels in Progenitor Cells of Musculoskeletal Tissues: A Narrative Review

“…There is ample literature available regarding ion channels with osteogenic roles. A recent review gave a highly detailed account of K + - and Ca 2+ -permeable channels in various osteogenic lineages and provided an excellent model explaining how their cooperation may drive forward the osteogenic differentiation process [ 64 ]. Herein, we list only the ones that have a particular importance and are in line with the latest trends.…”