Role of Thiol Compounds in Mammalian Melanin Pigmentation: Part I. Reduced and Oxidized Glutathione

Benedetto, Jean-Pierre; Ortonne, Jean‐Paul; Voulot, C; Khatchadourian, Chaqué; Prota, Giuseppe; Thivolet, J

doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12494592

Cited by 61 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…GSH levels are closely associated with the deposition of melanin in the skin of humans and other mammals [36, 38, 39]. The lowest levels of reduced GSH were found to be related to eumelanin-type pigmentation, whereas the highest were found in skin with phaeomelanin-producing melanocytes [40]. CHAC1 encodes a member of the gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase family of proteins, which catalyses cleavage of GSH into 5-oxoproline and a Cys-Gly dipeptide.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome Profile Analysis of Mechanisms of Black and White Plumage Determination in Black-Bone Chicken

Wang

Liao

et al. 2018

Cell Physiol Biochem

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background/Aims: Melanin is a major and ubiquitous component of plumage colouration, and patterns of melanin pigmentation in birds are extremely varied. However, the molecular mechanism of pigmentation in avian plumage is still largely unknown. Methods: To elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved in the formation of black and white plumage, this study takes advantage of high-throughput sequencing technology to compare differences in the transcriptome between black and white chicken feather bulbs. In total, we constructed six cDNA libraries from black (Group B) and white (Group W) feather bulbs in the dorsal plumage of Muchuan black-boned chickens. Results: A comparison between Groups B and W revealed 61 differentially expressed genes, with 47 displaying higher, and 14 displaying lower, levels of expression in white feather bulbs. Our results revealed a set of candidate genes and two potential metabolic pathways involved in black-bone chicken plumage melanogenesis. These include four homeobox genes (HOXB9, HOXC8, HOXA9, and HOXC 9), two glutathione (GSH) metabolism-related genes (CHAC1 and GPX3), and the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signalling pathway. Two known genes, TYR and MITF, were also shown to play a role in melanin formation. Conclusion: our data provide a valuable resource for discovering genes important in plumage melanin formation and will help further elucidate the molecular mechanisms for black and white plumage.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome Profile Analysis of Mechanisms of Black and White Plumage Determination in Black-Bone Chicken

Wang

Liao

et al. 2018

Cell Physiol Biochem

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Like cysteinyldopa, glutathionyldopa formation favors pheomelanin over eumelanin synthesis. In addition to neutralizing this highly reactive orthoquinone, GSH metabolism protects melanocytes from the toxic effects of hydrogen peroxides formed during melanin synthesis (6,11,12). GSH metabolism, therefore, appears to be critically important to the maintenance of melanocyte and melanoma cell viability.…”

Section: Melanin Synthesis and Gshmentioning

confidence: 99%

Redox Regulation in Human Melanocytes and Melanoma

Meyskens

Farmer

Fruehauf

2001

Pigment Cell Research

207

159

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

totic phenotype in the transformed cell. This conceptual frameThe human melanocyte is continuously exposed to intrinsic and work offers testable steps to determine the role of redox extrinsic sources of reactive biochemical species, but is finely tuned via the intrinsic anti-oxidant and radical properties of alterations in the carcinogenic evolution, prevention and treatmelanin to suppress the build-up of an altered redox phenoment of melanoma and other diseases of the melanocyte. type. We propose that this control is lost during melanomageKey words: Transcription factor, NF-kB, AP-1, Reactive nesis and inappropriate redox-sensitive transcriptional factor oxygen species, Glutathione, Superoxide anion activations occur which result in enhancement of an anti-apopand glutathione (GSH), melanin as an anti-oxidant and cellular pro-oxidant, response of melanin to ultraviolet (UV) light, anti-oxidant levels and melanomagenesis, redox regulation of transcription factors, and a conceptual framework for the pathogenesis of melanoma based on altered redox control.In response to UV light an inflammatory response is generated involving the production of massive amounts of various cytokines and growth factors by keratinocytes, a vigorous inflammatory/immunologic host response, and in some cases angiogenesis. Each one of these responses generates or stimulates the production of reactive oxygen or nitrogen species. Additionally, UV light interacts directly with biochemical constituents of the melanocyte to generate intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), hydrogen peroxide and/or superoxide anion. The sum total of these alterations is that melanocytes are subjected to an panoply of redox changes with secondary effects on melanin synthesis and a variety of signaling cascades.We suggest that alterations in these processes are fundamentally involved in the pathogenesis of melanoma and perhaps other pathologic states. These observations encum-

show abstract

“…glutathione; GSH) have often been related to the deposition of melanin in the skin of humans and other mammals (e.g. Halprin & Okhawara 1966;Benedetto et al 1981;del Marmol et al 1993). High GSH levels in fact inhibit eumelanin production through different molecular pathways (Galván & Alonso-Alvarez 2008; figure 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The expression of melanin-based plumage is separately modulated by exogenous oxidative stress and a melanocortin

2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Melanin-based traits involved in animal communication have been traditionally viewed as occurring under strict genetic control. However, it is generally accepted that both genetic and environmental factors influence melanin production. Medical studies suggest that, among environmental factors influencing melanization, oxidative stress could play a relevant role. On the other hand, genetic control would be exerted by the melanocortin system, and particularly by the alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (a-MSH), which triggers the production of eumelanins (black pigments). To determine how the melanocortin system and an exogenous source of oxidative stress interact in the expression of melanin-based plumage, developing red-legged partridges (Alectoris rufa) were manipulated. Some partridges were injected with a-MSH, while other birds received a pro-oxidant molecule (diquat) in drinking water. Controls and birds receiving both treatments were also studied. Both a-MSH-and diquat-treated individuals presented larger eumelanin-based traits than controls, but a-MSHþdiquat-treated birds showed the largest traits, suggesting that oxidative stress and melanocortins promote additive but independent effects. Diquat also induced a decline in the level of a key intracellular antioxidant (glutathione), which is associated with high expression of eumelanin-based signals in other bird species. Some scenarios for the evolution of melanin-based traits in relation to oxidative stress are proposed.

show abstract

Role of Thiol Compounds in Mammalian Melanin Pigmentation: Part I. Reduced and Oxidized Glutathione

Cited by 61 publications

References 16 publications

Transcriptome Profile Analysis of Mechanisms of Black and White Plumage Determination in Black-Bone Chicken

Transcriptome Profile Analysis of Mechanisms of Black and White Plumage Determination in Black-Bone Chicken

Redox Regulation in Human Melanocytes and Melanoma

The expression of melanin-based plumage is separately modulated by exogenous oxidative stress and a melanocortin

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About