Roll-out of the Global Burden of Animal Diseases programme

Rushton, Jonathan; Huntington, Ben; Gilbert, W.; Herrero, Mario; Torgerson, Paul R.; Shaw, Alexandra; Bruce, Mieghan; Marsh, Thomas L.; Pendell, Dustin L.; Bernardo, Theresa M.; Stacey, Deborah; Grace, Delia; Watkins, Kevin; Bondad‐Reantaso, Melba G.; Devleesschauwer, Brecht; Pigott, David M.; Stone, Matthew D.; Mesenhowski, Shannon

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(21)00189-6

Cited by 47 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…This AHLE, or the gap attributable to poor animal health, contains, by definition, the entire burden due to animal health problems, including not only losses due to endemic diseases and health conditions, but also losses due to health issues such as malnutrition, some injuries, and predation ( Huntington et al, 2021 ). By considering this hypothetical upper limit to productivity, the potential for overestimation of this entire AHLE is reduced ( Rushton et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the burden of multiple endemic diseases and health conditions using Bayes’ Theorem: A conditional probability model applied to UK dairy cattle

Rasmussen

Shaw

Muñoz

et al. 2022

Preventive Veterinary Medicine

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the burden of multiple endemic diseases and health conditions using Bayes’ Theorem: A conditional probability model applied to UK dairy cattle

Rasmussen

Shaw

Muñoz

et al. 2022

Preventive Veterinary Medicine

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“…Given the limitations of the cross-sectional dataset in this study, we recommend a longitudinal study design with testing of livestock to determine their schistosomiasis status and the recording of the production, treatment and management data. The generation of such baseline data for livestock populations in Senegalese transhumance and subsistence populations can only be achieved with appropriate investment, but funding for NTDs in livestock is scarce [ 56 – 58 ]. There seems to be a general lack of studies of production and economic studies in these settings, a problem most likely exacerbated by a shortage of animal health and One Health economists in the region that could generate knowledge on herd and production data, effects of schistosomiasis in livestock, and health-seeking behaviour.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the financial impact of livestock schistosomiasis on traditional subsistence and transhumance farmers keeping cattle, sheep and goats in northern Senegal

et al. 2022

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Background Schistosomiasis is a disease that poses major threats to human and animal health, as well as the economy, especially in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Whilst many studies have evaluated the economic impact of schistosomiasis in humans, to date only one has been performed in livestock in SSA and none in Senegal. This study aimed to estimate the financial impact of livestock schistosomiasis in selected regions of Senegal. Methods Stochastic partial budget models were developed for traditional ruminant farmers in 12 villages in northern Senegal. The models were parameterised using data from a cross-sectional survey, focus group discussions, scientific literature and available statistics. Two scenarios were defined: scenario 1 modelled a situation in which farmers tested and treated their livestock for schistosomiasis, whilst scenario 2 modelled a situation in which there were no tests or treatment. The model was run with 10,000 iterations for 1 year; results were expressed in West African CFA francs (XOF; 1 XOF was equivalent to 0.0014 GBP at the time of analysis). Sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess the impact of uncertain variables on the disease costs. Results Farmers surveyed were aware of schistosomiasis in their ruminant livestock and reported hollowing around the eyes, diarrhoea and weight loss as the most common clinical signs in all species. For scenario 1, the median disease costs per year and head of cattle, sheep and goats were estimated at 13,408 XOF, 27,227 XOF and 27,694 XOF, respectively. For scenario 2, the disease costs per year and head of cattle, sheep and goats were estimated at 49,296 XOF, 70,072 XOF and 70,281 XOF, respectively. Conclusions Our findings suggest that the financial impact of livestock schistosomiasis on traditional subsistence and transhumance farmers is substantial. Consequently, treating livestock schistosomiasis has the potential to generate considerable benefits to farmers and their families. Given the dearth of data in this region, our study serves as a foundation for further in-depth studies to provide estimates of disease impact and as a baseline for future economic analyses. This will also enable One Health economic studies where the burden on both humans and animals is estimated and included in cross-sectoral cost–benefit and cost-effectiveness analyses of disease control strategies. Graphical Abstract

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“…Another promising metric that has had limited application to date is the zoonotic DALY (zDALY), which looks to relate the DALY and a new non-monetary measure of animal losses into a single value that may more completely capture the societal burden of zoonotic diseases [ 11 , 79 ]. With the development of the Global Burden of Animal Diseases programme [ 80 , 81 ] it is hoped that the BoD in humans and animals can be linked on a larger scale to further describe the complete burden.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A scoping review of burden of disease studies estimating disability-adjusted life years due to Taenia solium

et al. 2022

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Background Taenia solium is the most significant global foodborne parasite and the leading cause of preventable human epilepsy in low and middle-income countries in the form of neurocysticercosis. Objectives This scoping review aimed to examine the methodology of peer-reviewed studies that estimate the burden of T. solium using disability-adjusted life years. Eligibility criteria Studies must have calculated disability-adjusted life years relating to T. solium. Charting methods The review process was managed by a single reviewer using Rayyan. Published data relating to disease models, data sources, disability-adjusted life years, sensitivity, uncertainty, missing data, and key limitations were collected. Results 15 studies were included for review, with seven global and eight national or sub-national estimates. Studies primarily employed attributional disease models that relied on measuring the occurrence of epilepsy before applying an attributable fraction to estimate the occurrence of neurocysticercosis-associated epilepsy. This method relies heavily on the extrapolation of observational studies across populations and time periods; however, it is currently required due to the difficulties in diagnosing neurocysticercosis. Studies discussed that a lack of data was a key limitation and their results likely underestimate the true burden of T. solium. Methods to calculate disability-adjusted life years varied across studies with differences in approaches to time discounting, age weighting, years of life lost, and years of life lived with disability. Such differences limit the ability to compare estimates between studies. Conclusions This review illustrates the complexities associated with T. solium burden of disease studies and highlights the potential need for a burden of disease reporting framework. The burden of T. solium is likely underestimated due to the challenges in diagnosing neurocysticercosis and a lack of available data. Advancement in diagnostics, further observational studies, and new approaches to parameterising disease models are required if estimates are to improve.

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Roll-out of the Global Burden of Animal Diseases programme

Cited by 47 publications

References 7 publications

Estimating the burden of multiple endemic diseases and health conditions using Bayes’ Theorem: A conditional probability model applied to UK dairy cattle

Estimating the burden of multiple endemic diseases and health conditions using Bayes’ Theorem: A conditional probability model applied to UK dairy cattle

Estimating the financial impact of livestock schistosomiasis on traditional subsistence and transhumance farmers keeping cattle, sheep and goats in northern Senegal

A scoping review of burden of disease studies estimating disability-adjusted life years due to Taenia solium

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