Root canal obturation materials and filling techniques for primary teeth: In vitro evaluation in polymer‐based prototyped incisors

Abstract

Background Achieving a void‐free root canal filling is a challenge in current clinical pulpectomy practice. Aim To compare filling effectiveness and internal voids of root filling materials and obturation techniques in resin‐prototyped primary incisors by micro‐CT. Design Fifty prototypes were instrumented and randomly divided (n = 10) according to the filling materials (Vitapex®, ZOE, Calcicur®, Feapex, and Calen®‐ZO) and obturation technique: lentulo or pressure syringe (n = 5). The specimens were micro‐CT scanned (pixel size = 7.83 μm) and reconstructed, and the total volume of filled canal (%FC) and internal voids (%IV) of the bulk filling material was calculated. Kruskal‐Wallis and Mann‐Whitney tests were used to detect differences and interactions among groups. Results Calen®‐ZO, Vitapex®, and ZOE showed similar %FC. Calcicur® showed lower %FC compared with Calen®‐ZO, Vitapex®, and ZOE (P < .05) but similar to Feapex. No statistically significant differences in %FC between lentulo or pressure syringe were disclosed. Regarding %IV, Vitapex®, and Calen®‐ZO performed better with syringe, although Calcicur® was better with lentulo. The number of voids in the obturation bulk was similar among materials, but always lower (P < .05) in syringe filled specimens. Conclusion Vitapex®, Calen®‐ZO, and ZOE outperformed Calcicur® and Feapex in %FC and if the syringe technique is used, %IV of the obturation bulk and presence of defects was lower.

Reabsorção radicular patológica em molar decíduo submetido a tratamento endodôntico com pasta à base de Cloranfenicol, Tetraciclina e Óxido de Zinco (CTZ): Relato de caso

“…Estes atributos anatômicos possibilitam que metabólitos oriundos da decomposição pulpar e/ou fármacos presentes nos materiais endodônticos possam desencadear reações inflamatórias locais. Tendo isso em vista, tais materiais devem possuir, além de propriedade antimicrobiana de amplo espectro de ação, uma elevada biocompatibilidade aos tecidos pulpares e perirradiculares, (Aragão, et al, 2020).…”

“…É notório a evolução da Endodontia na Odontopediatria nos últimos anos (Aragão et al, 2020), no entanto, realizar o preparo mecânico em dentes decíduos ainda é um grande desafio devido peculiaridades anatômicas as quais sujeitam os profissionais a iatrogenias (Dantas-Neta et al, 2016). Desse modo, a instrumentação dos canais radiculares por meio do uso de limas endodônticas tem sido revista em dentes decíduos, pois, não só pode lesar o germe do dente permanente em formação, como também não garante a completa desinfecção do complexo sistema de canais radiculares dos dentes decíduos (Fernandes et al, 2020).…”

Obturating materials in pediatric dentistry: A review

“…Although zinc oxide and eugenol, calcium hydroxide and iodoform based pastes are currently recommended, there is still no consensus on the gold standard material for this purpose [1,2] . Many laboratorial studies have been designed to investigate the effectiveness of different obturation techniques and filling materials for primary teeth, but most of them used radiographs or conventional tomographic evaluations [3] . While both techniques have very low spatial resolution (ranging from 100 to 1000μm), radiographs have also de limitation of being a bidimensional evaluation [3] .…”

“…Many laboratorial studies have been designed to investigate the effectiveness of different obturation techniques and filling materials for primary teeth, but most of them used radiographs or conventional tomographic evaluations [3] . While both techniques have very low spatial resolution (ranging from 100 to 1000μm), radiographs have also de limitation of being a bidimensional evaluation [3] . Moreover, major differences in the root canal anatomy among the used specimens (lack of paired specimens) may be a source of bias in evaluating the effectiveness of a certain technique in endodontic studies and for this reason, the use of prototypes, with individualized root canal anatomy may bring advantages in this regard [2,3] .…”

“…While both techniques have very low spatial resolution (ranging from 100 to 1000μm), radiographs have also de limitation of being a bidimensional evaluation [3] . Moreover, major differences in the root canal anatomy among the used specimens (lack of paired specimens) may be a source of bias in evaluating the effectiveness of a certain technique in endodontic studies and for this reason, the use of prototypes, with individualized root canal anatomy may bring advantages in this regard [2,3] . Finally, a detailed quantitative tridimensional analysis of voids and effectiveness of root canal obturation in primary teeth have not yet been performed [3] .…”