Root stem cell niche networks: it’s complexed! Insights from Arabidopsis

Pardal, Renan; Heidstra, Renze

doi:10.1093/jxb/erab272

Cited by 42 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…In summary, we found that in agreement with a previous report (Sarkar et al , 2007 ), high PLT expression in the QC‐region is promoted by WOX5, albeit in an indirect manner, possibly by other factors, such as the described WOX5‐induced TAA1‐mediated auxin biosynthesis (Savina et al , 2020 ; Pardal & Heidstra, 2021 ). This PLT expression confines WOX5 to a defined and restricted number of cells within the QC region.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

PLETHORA‐WOX5 interaction and subnuclear localization control Arabidopsis root stem cell maintenance

et al. 2022

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Maintenance and homeostasis of the stem cell niche (SCN) in the Arabidopsis root is essential for growth and development of all root cell types. The SCN is organized around a quiescent center (QC) maintaining the stemness of cells in direct contact. The key transcription factors (TFs) WUSCHEL‐RELATED HOMEOBOX 5 (WOX5) and PLETHORAs (PLTs) are expressed in the SCN where they maintain the QC and regulate distal columella stem cell (CSC) fate. Here, we describe the concerted mutual regulation of the key TFs WOX5 and PLTs on a transcriptional and protein interaction level. Additionally, by applying a novel SCN staining method, we demonstrate that both WOX5 and PLTs regulate root SCN homeostasis as they control QC quiescence and CSC fate interdependently. Moreover, we uncover that some PLTs, especially PLT3, contain intrinsically disordered prion‐like domains (PrDs) that are necessary for complex formation with WOX5 and its recruitment to subnuclear microdomains/nuclear bodies (NBs) in the CSCs. We propose that this partitioning of PLT‐WOX5 complexes to NBs, possibly by phase separation, is important for CSC fate determination.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

PLETHORA‐WOX5 interaction and subnuclear localization control Arabidopsis root stem cell maintenance

et al. 2022

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“…Side roots are morphologically undistinguishable from the PR. They are both maintained by the stem cell niche composed of a quiescent center (QC) and its surrounding stem cells that will form different tissue layers (Dolan et al ., 1993; van den Berg et al ., 1997; Bennett & Scheres, 2010; Torres‐Martinez et al ., 2019; Pardal & Heidstra, 2021). LRs originate from a subset of xylem pole associated pericycle cells, which are primed by temporal oscillations in auxin signaling that correlates with cell growth in the root meristem (Laskowski et al ., 1995; Dubrovsky et al ., 2000; Beeckman et al ., 2001; Dubrovsky et al ., 2008; Dubrovsky & Rost, 2012; Beeckman & De Smet, 2014; van den Berg et al ., 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant growth‐promoting rhizobacterium Pseudomonas sp. CM11 specifically induces lateral roots

Yang

et al. 2022

New Phytologist

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Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria are involved in altering secondary root (SR) formation, but hitherto there has been no distinction between the different types of SRs upon induction of soil biota, and the genetic pathways involved.By using plate and soil systems, we studied the effects of the Pseudomonas strains CM11 and WCS417 on plant performance with a focus on root development. Through a combination of cellular, molecular and genetic analyses, we investigated the type of SRs induced upon CM11 and WCS417 root inoculation using genetic pathways associated with specific SR types.CM11 was shown to affect the root architecture differently from WCS417. CM11 inoculation leads to primary root arrest, whereas WCS417 reveals a longer primary root. Both CM11 and WCS417 activate the PLETHORA 3,5,7-controlled lateral root pathway, rather than the WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX 11,12-controlled adventitious (lateral) root pathway. In addition, CM11 promotes plant growth in model and various crop species. It improves plant fitness traits, such as bigger shoots, faster bolting and higher yield in terms of seeds.Our results indicate that the root system architecture can be promoted by activation of PLETHORA 3,5,7 dependent primed lateral pre-branch sites upon inoculation with CM11, which creates great potential to gain a better understanding of root plasticity.

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“…SHR , SCR , PLT1 , PLT2 , PLT3 , PLT4 , and BRAVO are key regulators of stem cell renewal and meristem activity (Pardal and Heidstra, 2021). Recently we have shown that SHR and SCR also have a pivotal role in promoting root growth through promoting cell elongation (Fu et al, 2021).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many genes involved in stem cell homeostasis have been identified, such as the GRAS family members SHORT‐ROOT (SHR) and SCARECROW (SCR), the PLETHORA (PLT) family transcription factors, the WUSCHEL family member WOX5, and the auxin transporters PINs and AUXs (Pardal and Heidstra, 2021). Several groups of small peptides and their corresponding receptors have also been shown to be essential for root stem cell renewal, including the CLE family (Fletcher, 2020), the RGF family (Lu et al, 2020), and the RALF family (Blackburn et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TGA factors promote plant root growth by modulating redox homeostasis or response

Yang

Ren

et al. 2022

JIPB

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To identify novel regulators of stem cell renewal, we mined an existing but little explored cell type‐specific transcriptome dataset for the Arabidopsis root. A member of the TGA family of transcription factors, TGA8, was found to be specifically expressed in the quiescent center (QC). Mutation in TGA8 caused a subtle root growth phenotype, suggesting functional redundancy with other TGA members. Using a promoter::HGFP transgenic approach, we showed that all TGA factors were expressed in the root, albeit at different levels and with distinct spatial patterns. Mutant analyses revealed that all TGA factors examined contribute to root growth by promoting stem cell renewal, meristem activity, and cell elongation. Combining transcriptome analyses, histochemical assays, and physiological tests, we demonstrated that functional redundancy exists among members of clades II and V or those in clades I and III. These two groups of TGA factors act differently, however, as their mutants responded to oxidative stress differently and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assays showed they regulate different sets of genes that are involved in redox homeostasis. Our study has thus uncovered a previously unrecognized broad role and a mechanistic explanation for TGA factors in root growth and development.

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Root stem cell niche networks: it’s complexed! Insights from Arabidopsis

Cited by 42 publications

References 56 publications

PLETHORA‐WOX5 interaction and subnuclear localization control Arabidopsis root stem cell maintenance

PLETHORA‐WOX5 interaction and subnuclear localization control Arabidopsis root stem cell maintenance

Plant growth‐promoting rhizobacterium Pseudomonas sp. CM11 specifically induces lateral roots

TGA factors promote plant root growth by modulating redox homeostasis or response

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