Rorschach Correlates in Parkinsonʼs Disease

Diller, Leonard; Riklan, Manuel

doi:10.1097/00006842-195703000-00005

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Compared to patients with short duration of disease, Machover (1957) found that patients with Parkinson's disease of long duration formed a homogeneous group with regards to personality, characterized by a pattern of constriction, rigidity and inertia, which he attributed to the experience of 'living with the illness'. Diller & Riklan (1957), on the other hand, believed that while living with Parkinson's disease might have maladaptive effects, the initial onslaught of the disease had the greatest psychological effects. Whether it is the onset of a debilitating illness or the longterm effects of living with it that result in personality changes can be established through cross-sectional studies of patients with a range of chronicity, and through longitudinal studies.…”

Section: (F) Personality In Chronic and Physically Disabling Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality in torticollis: a controlled study

Jahanshahi

Marsden

1988

Psychol. Med.

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SynopsisThe Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, the trait scales of the Leyton Obsessional Inventory, the Spielberger State Trait Anxiety Inventory, and a questionnaire assessing marital status and harmony were completed by 100 torticollis patients and a control group of 49 cervical spondylosis sufferers. Information regarding employment status, and events preceding onset of their complaint was also obtained. The two groups did not differ in terms of any of the personality dimensions evaluated, or in their self-reports of events prior to onset of their illness. The groups differed significantly with regards to marital status (a higher proportion of the torticollis patients were single) but not marital harmony. A significantly higher proportion of the torticollis patients were in the permanently sick category of employment status. Findings of previous studies evaluating personality in torticollis and in sufferers of other disabling physical conditions are considered, and the results are discussed in terms of the effects of disabling chronic physical disorders.

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Section: (F) Personality In Chronic and Physically Disabling Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality in torticollis: a controlled study

Jahanshahi

Marsden

1988

Psychol. Med.

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“…Diller and Riklan, in a series of studies concerning psychologic aspects of P.D. (6, 19, 20), failed to confirm the foregoing reported results. Rather, they found a wide range of personality patterns and syndromes.…”

Section: Personality Patternsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Psychologic Studies in Neurologic Diseases—a Review: Parkinson's Disease and Multiple Sclerosis*

Riklan

Levita

Diller

1961

J American Geriatrics Society

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Parkinson's disease and multiple sclerosis (hereafter referred to as P.D. and M.S. respectively) represent progressive chronic diseases of the central nervous system. A large proportion of the afflicted persons fall within the geriatric population. In each instance, the disease may result in alterations of the motor and sensory systems of the brain and spinal cord, and thus produce various abnormalities of movement and sensation. The specific et,iology in both diseases is largely unknown (although continuing investigations reveal much new information concerning the pathology) and this lack of knowledge has thus far prevented the development of any specific therapy. Recently chemosurgery has been found useful in the symptomatic relief of both P.D. and M.S., specifically in alleviating certain of the associated abnormal movements (1-3). Because of the manifold neurologic symptoms, the relative obscurity of the etiologic factors, the lack of specific treatment, and the many and diverse behavioral effects of these diseases, recent years have witnessed an increase of investigations concerning their psychologic and psychiatric aspects. It is the purpose of the present review to summarize a portion of these investigations, most specifically those which may provide information concerning the relationship between psychologic factors, neurophysiologic substrata, and the resulting disease processes and symptoms. Thus, this review is not intended to be all-inclusive, but limited rather to those studies concerned directly or indirectly with psychosomatic and somatopsychologic relationships. THE PROBLEM O F "OEGANICITY"In psychologic studies of diseases of the cent>ral nervous system, the question frequently arises as to whether the pathologic process which culminates in the neurologic symptoms may also affect certain aspects of higher integrative functioning. Thus, several investigators have addressed themselves to the problem of "organic" mental factors in neurologic diseases. Several such studies in P.D. have revealed both intellectual and cognitive impairments in at, least a portion of the patients so evaluated (4-6). In each instance, the changes were attributed

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“…Im Vergleich zum nicht erkrankten Zwilling zeigte er sich weniger selbstbewußt sowie selbstkontrollierter und introvertierter (41,178). Auch in Untersuchungen von erwachsenen Parkinson-Patienten wurde zwar nicht durchgängig (26,29,35,36,135), aber doch recht häufig eine durch Perfektionismus, strenge Moral, emotionale Rigidität, Aggressionshemmung und Anhedonie gekennzeichnete Persönlichkeitsstruktur gefunden (II,104,123,133,134,142,173), eine Charakterisierung, die durchaus an den von Tellenbach (172) beschriebenen Typus melancholicus denken läßt. Von diesen in der Regel an bereits erkrankten Personen durchgeführten Untersuchungen auf eine prämorbide zum Parkinson-Syndrom disponierende Persönlichkeit zu schließen, wie dies nicht nur ältere psychoanalytisch orientierte (1 1,142), sondern auch aktuelle psychometrische Arbeiten (85) getan haben, ist allerdings aus methodischen Gründen nicht zulässig.…”

Section: Epidemiologieunclassified

Depression beim Parkinson-Syndrom

Haltenhof

Schröter²

1994

Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr

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Depressive disorders occur in Parkinson's disease in about 40%. They often manifest--not seldom preceding diagnosis of Parkinson's syndrome--like monopolar depression. Their cause has not yet been explained in a satisfactory way. Neurotransmitter disturbances are discussed as well as psychogenic factors. There seems to be a subtype of Parkinson's disease with more frequent depression, which is characterized by increased rigidity and bradykinesia, lower age at onset and family history of Parkinson's disease. Especially antidepressants, but also sleep deprivation and electroconvulsive therapy are efficient. The review is illustrated by a case report.

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Rorschach Correlates in Parkinsonʼs Disease

Cited by 13 publications

References 25 publications

Personality in torticollis: a controlled study

Personality in torticollis: a controlled study

Psychologic Studies in Neurologic Diseases—a Review: Parkinson's Disease and Multiple Sclerosis*

Depression beim Parkinson-Syndrom

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