ROS regulated reversible protein phase separation synchronizes plant flowering

Huang, Xiaozhen; Chen, Shudong; Li, Weiping; Tang, Lingli; Zhang, Yueqin; Yang, Ning; Zou, Yu-Pan; Zhai, Xiaoyan; Xiao, Nan; Liu, Wei; Li, Pilong; Cao, Xu

doi:10.1038/s41589-021-00739-0

Cited by 127 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Biomolecular condensates undergoing LLPS is an emerging topic in the plant field, and there are a growing number of studies on plant biomolecular condensates demonstrating LLPS ( Fang et al, 2019 ; Powers et al, 2019 ; Dorone et al, 2020 ; Jung et al, 2020 ; Ouyang et al, 2020 ; Zavaliev et al, 2020 ; Huang et al, 2021 ). One of these recent findings was on a phyB interacting protein, ELF3, demonstrating that ELF3 nuclear bodies form via LLPS ( Jung et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Photobodies May Undergo Liquid–liquid Phase Separationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Out of the Dark and Into the Light: A New View of Phytochrome Photobodies

Pardi

Nusinow

2021

Front. Plant Sci.

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Light is a critical environmental stimulus for plants, serving as an energy source via photosynthesis and a signal for developmental programming. Plants perceive light through various light-responsive proteins, termed photoreceptors. Phytochromes are red-light photoreceptors that are highly conserved across kingdoms. In the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, phytochrome B serves as a light and thermal sensor, mediating physiological processes such as seedling germination and establishment, hypocotyl growth, chlorophyll biogenesis, and flowering. In response to red light, phytochromes convert to a biologically active form, translocating from the cytoplasm into the nucleus and further compartmentalizes into subnuclear compartments termed photobodies. PhyB photobodies regulate phytochrome-mediated signaling and physiological outputs. However, photobody function, composition, and biogenesis remain undefined since their discovery. Based on photobody cellular dynamics and the properties of internal components, photobodies have been suggested to undergo liquid-liquid phase separation, a process by which some membraneless compartments form. Here, we explore photobodies as environmental sensors, examine the role of their protein constituents, and outline the biophysical perspective that photobodies may be undergoing liquid-liquid phase separation. Understanding the molecular, cellular, and biophysical processes that shape how plants perceive light will help in engineering improved sunlight capture and fitness of important crops.

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Section: Photobodies May Undergo Liquid–liquid Phase Separationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Out of the Dark and Into the Light: A New View of Phytochrome Photobodies

Pardi

Nusinow

2021

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…This redox-regulated oligomerization of TMF drives aggregation of its IDRs which enhances TMF phase separation by increasing multivalent interactions between IDRs. The phase-separated TMF droplets form transcriptional condensates to repress AN expression which precisely controls the meristem maturation and flowering time (Huang et al, 2021; Figure 2D).…”

Section: Phase Separation In Stem Cell Fate Decisionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase separation in plants: New insights into cellular compartmentalization

Zheng

et al. 2021

JIPB

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A fundamental challenge for cells is how to coordinate various biochemical reactions in space and time. To achieve spatiotemporal control, cells have developed organelles that are surrounded by lipid bilayer membranes. Further, membraneless compartmentalization, a process induced by dynamic physical association of biomolecules through phase transition offers another efficient mechanism for intracellular organization. While our understanding of phase separation was predominantly dependent on yeast and animal models, recent findings have provided compelling evidence for emerging roles of phase separation in plants. In this review, we first provide an overview of the current knowledge of phase separation, including its definition, biophysical principles, molecular features and regulatory mechanisms. Then we summarize plant-specific phase separation phenomena and describe their functions in plant biological processes in great detail. Moreover, we propose that phase separation is an evolutionarily conserved and efficient mechanism for cellular compartmentalization which allows for distinct metabolic processes and signaling pathways, and is especially beneficial for the sessile lifestyle of plants to quickly and efficiently respond to the changing environment.

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“…Xie et al (2020) showed that nuclear dicing bodies (D-bodies, containing DICER-LIKE 1, HYPONASTIC LEAVES 1 and SERRATE) are phase-separated condensates and essential for efficient miRNA processing [78]. Furthermore, Huang et al (2021) reported that reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulate reversible protein phase separation to direct stem cell fate for flowering transition. Proteins contain large IDRs that are enriched in amino acids, such as glycine, serine, glutamine, asparagine, phenylalanine and tyrosine [79].…”

Section: Conclusion and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, Huang et al (2021) reported that reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulate reversible protein phase separation to direct stem cell fate for flowering transition. Proteins contain large IDRs that are enriched in amino acids, such as glycine, serine, glutamine, asparagine, phenylalanine and tyrosine [79]. Therefore, many GR-RBPs are predicted by the presence of IDR sequences to be involved in phase separation under specific physiological conditions.…”

Section: Conclusion and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roles of Plant Glycine-Rich RNA-Binding Proteins in Development and Stress Responses

Cheng

et al. 2021

IJMS

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In recent years, much progress has been made in elucidating the functional roles of plant glycine-rich RNA-binding proteins (GR-RBPs) during development and stress responses. Canonical GR-RBPs contain an RNA recognition motif (RRM) or a cold-shock domain (CSD) at the N-terminus and a glycine-rich domain at the C-terminus, which have been associated with several different RNA processes, such as alternative splicing, mRNA export and RNA editing. However, many aspects of GR-RBP function, the targeting of their RNAs, interacting proteins and the consequences of the RNA target process are not well understood. Here, we discuss recent findings in the field, newly defined roles for GR-RBPs and the actions of GR-RBPs on target RNA metabolism.

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ROS regulated reversible protein phase separation synchronizes plant flowering

Cited by 127 publications

References 56 publications

Out of the Dark and Into the Light: A New View of Phytochrome Photobodies

Out of the Dark and Into the Light: A New View of Phytochrome Photobodies

Phase separation in plants: New insights into cellular compartmentalization

Roles of Plant Glycine-Rich RNA-Binding Proteins in Development and Stress Responses

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