Rosmarinic Acid Enriched Fraction fromPerilla frutescensLeaves Strongly Protects Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Ulcer in Rats

Abstract

Gastric ulcers are a common problem in upper gastrointestinal tract (GI) disorders. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are one of the most aggressive factors leading to inducing gastric ulcers. Natural products with lower toxicity and safety are currently sought as a potential source to minimize the effect of the gastric ulcers. Perilla frutescens or Nga-mon (in Thai) leaves are rich in rosmarinic acid (RA), which has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. This study investigates the protective effect of ethanolic extract (EE) and aqueous fraction (AF) from Perilla frutescens leaves, which are rich in RA, on indomethacin- (IND-) induced gastric ulcer in a rat model. The EE at the doses of 50 and 500 mg/kg body weight, AF at the doses of 50, 250, and 500 mg/kg body weight, or famotidine (a standard drug) were administered for 14 days prior to ulcer induction. The ulceration was performed by intragastric administration of IND. Gross gastric ulcers and biological and histological parameters were examined. The pretreatment with AF had more significant effects than EE, including reduced ulcer index, decreased gastric secretion volume and decreased acidity, but it had an elevated gastric pH relative to the IND-induced gastric ulcer. In a histopathological study, the EE and AF decreased mucosal ulcer, inflammatory infiltration, and degenerative lining cells. The IND-induced expression of inflammatory mediators was significantly attenuated with EE and AF. The experiment also remarkably showed the preservation of mucus and apoptosis protection of EE and AF on a gastric mucosal ulcer. The findings demonstrated that the EE and AF of perilla leaves were capable of protecting the stomach against gastric ulcers induced by IND through anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic mechanisms that should be further investigated. It is suggested that Perilla frutescens leaf could be a potential alternative source of RA as a therapeutic agent and food supplement for NSAID-induced gastric injuries.

Pharmacological Effects of Agastache rugosa against Gastritis Using a Network Pharmacology Approach

“…Acacetin and diosmetin inhibited H. pylori growth, which causes human gastrointestinal diseases [ 49 ]. Kangwan et al reported that rosmarinic acid acts as a protective agent against gastric ulcers caused by indomethacin [ 50 ]. Based on the results of previous studies, five core components were considered to play a critical role in reducing gastritis induced by inflammation.…”

Study of the Potential Antiulcerous Action of Hydroalcoholic Extracts From Prunella Vulgaris L. Of Romanian Origin

“…The ethanol-induced ulcer model (used by most authors to study the preventive effect of plant extracts, administered before the induction of the ulcer) [40,47] is mainly characterized by desquamation, severe and marked erosion of the epithelial surface, vacuolation and necrosis, a disorderly and loose arrangement of the epithelial cells, as well as infiltrates of neutrophils/eosinophils [21,29]. The same types of lesions are present in the case of ulcers induced by NSAIDs, but the phenomena are more discreet and regeneration is faster [27,45]. The histological features, emphasized by the present study, showed that the hydroalcoholic extract of Prunella vulgaris L can be successfully utilized as a gastric mucosa protector, but the therapeutic doses and the time of administration, after a diagnosis of peptic ulcer, should be carefully evaluated.…”

Effectiveness ofOpuntia ficus indicaL.inermisSeed Oil in the Protection and the Healing of Experimentally Induced Gastric Mucosa Ulcer

“…Some of the methods used for the assessment of the gastrodefensive effects of plant extracts or synthetic drugs are the pylorus ligation model [35, 36] and the peptic ulcer models induced by HCL, HCL/ethanol [37, 38], acetic acid [39], and NSAIDs [40]. The ethanol-induced ulcer model in rats or mice still remains one of the most used method in the investigation of the therapeutic and/or preventive activities of active compounds, especially those from plant extracts.…”