Running biomechanical alterations during a 40-km mountain race

Vermand, Stéphane; Ferrari, Frank-Jourdan; Cherdo, Fabienne; Garson, Cécile; Lavenant, Mellie; Alex, Marie-Charlotte; Castillo, Aurelie; Renard, Fanny; Garcin, Olivier

doi:10.23736/s0022-4707.22.13049-5

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Several studies showed that trail running did not modify impact characteristics (Degache et al, 2013;Giandolini et al, 2016;Vermand et al, 2022;Vernillo et al, 2019), while our results depicted a small increase in FGI median frequency. In contrast with previous studies investigating the impact from ground reaction force (Degache et al, 2013;Morin, Tomazin, Edouard, & Millet, 2011;Vernillo et al, 2019) or shank accelerations (Giandolini et al, 2016), we considered the FGI from the heel cup of the shoe (Boyer & Nigg, 2007;Trama et al, 2020).…”

Section: Impact Modificationscontrasting

confidence: 74%

Does neuromuscular fatigue generated by trail running modify foot‐ground impact and soft tissue vibrations?

Trama

Blache

Hintzy

et al. 2022

European Journal of Sport Science

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The purpose of the study was to assess the influence of a preceding mountain ultramarathon on the impact between the foot and the ground and the resulting soft tissue vibrations (STV). Two sessions of measurements were performed on 52 trail runners, before and just after mountain trail running races of various distances (from 40 to 171 km). Triaxial accelerometers were used to quantify the foot-ground impact (FGI) and STV of both gastrocnemius medialis (GAS) and vastus lateralis (VL) muscles during level treadmill running at 10 km•h −1 . A continuous wavelet transform was used to analyze the acceleration signals in the time-frequency domain, and the maps of coefficients as well as the frequency and damping properties of STV were computed. Fatigue was assessed from isometric maximal voluntary contraction force loss of knee extensors (KE) and plantar flexors (PF) after each race. Statistical nonParametric Mapping and linear mixed models were used to compare the means between the data obtained before and after the races. FGI amplitude and GAS STV were not modified after the race, while VL STV amplitude, frequency and damping significantly decreased whatever the running distance. A significant force loss was observed for the PF (26 ± 14%) and KE (27 ± 16%), but this was not correlated to the changes observed in STV. These results might reveal a protection mechanism of the muscles, indicating that biomechanical and/or physiological adaptations may occur in mountain ultramarathons to limit STV and muscle damage of knee extensors.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04025138.. Highlights. Trail running races with distances from 40 to 171 km induced the same alterations of soft-tissue vibrations. Due to the hilly characteristics of trail running, only the vastus lateralis soft-tissue vibrations were affected by the races. . Vastus lateralis vibration amplitude, frequency and damping coefficient were reduced after trail running races. These modifications can arise from a protection mechanism and/or modification in the muscle properties. . Neuromuscular fatigue quantified with loss of maximal isometric force production is not predictive of soft-tissue vibration modifications.

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Section: Impact Modificationscontrasting

confidence: 74%

Does neuromuscular fatigue generated by trail running modify foot‐ground impact and soft tissue vibrations?

Trama

Blache

Hintzy

et al. 2022

European Journal of Sport Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We measured the spatial strategy according to the egocentric (striatal network) versus allocentric (hippocampal network) response through the reverse T maze previously performed in rodents [ 88 ] and in healthy participants [ 49 ] before the race, at the end of loop 6, and at 24 hours after the race.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the Kinetics of the Determinants of Performance During a Mountain Ultramarathon: Multidisciplinary Protocol of the First Trail Scientifique de Clécy 2021

Mauvieux¹,

Hingrand²,

Drigny³

et al. 2022

JMIR Res Protoc

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Background The growing interest of the scientific community in trail running has highlighted the acute effects of practice at the time of these races on isolated aspects of physiological and structural systems; biological, physiological, cognitive, and muscular functions; and the psychological state of athletes. However, no integrative study has been conducted under these conditions with so many participants and monitoring of pre-, per-, and postrace variables for up to 10 days over a distance close to 100 miles. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the kinetics of the performance parameters during a 156 km trail run and 6000 m of elevation gain in pre-, per-, and postrace conditions. The general hypothesis is based on significant alterations in the psychological, physiological, mechanical, biological, and cognitive parameters. Methods The Trail Scientifique de Clécy took place on November 11, 2021. This prospective experimental study provides a comprehensive exploration of the constraints and adaptations of psychophysiological and sociological variables assessed in real race conditions during a trail running of 156 km on hilly ground and 6000 m of elevation gain (D+). The study protocol allowed for repeatability of study measurements under the same experimental conditions during the race, with the race being divided into 6 identical loops of 26 km and 1000 m D+. Measurements were conducted the day before and the morning of the race, at the end of each lap, after a pit stop, and up to 10 days after the race. A total of 55 participants were included, 43 (78%) men and 12 (22%) women, who were experienced in ultra–trail-running events and with no contraindications to the practice of this sport. Results The launch of the study was authorized on October 26, 2021, under the trial number 21-0166 after a favorable opinion from the Comité de Protection des Personnes Ouest III (21.09.61/SIRIPH 2G 21.01586.000009). Of the 55 runners enrolled, 41 (75%) completed the race and 14 (25%) dropped out for various reasons, including gastric problems, hypothermia, fatigue, and musculoskeletal injuries. All the measurements for each team were completed in full. The race times (ie, excluding the measurements) ranged from 17.8206 hours for the first runner to 35.9225 hours for the last runner. The average time to complete all measurements for each lap was 64 (SD 3) minutes. Conclusions The Trail Scientifique de Clécy, by its protocol, allowed for a multidisciplinary approach to the discipline. This approach will allow for the explanation of the studied parameters in relation to each other and observation of the systems of dependence and independence. The initial results are expected in June 2022. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) RR1-10.2196/38027

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Running biomechanical alterations during a 40-km mountain race

Cited by 2 publications

References 18 publications

Does neuromuscular fatigue generated by trail running modify foot‐ground impact and soft tissue vibrations?

Does neuromuscular fatigue generated by trail running modify foot‐ground impact and soft tissue vibrations?

Study of the Kinetics of the Determinants of Performance During a Mountain Ultramarathon: Multidisciplinary Protocol of the First Trail Scientifique de Clécy 2021

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