Rush immunotherapy in an experimental model of feline allergic asthma

Reinero, Carol R.; Byerly, Jenni R.; Berghaus, Roy D.; Berghaus, Londa J.; Schelegle, Edward S.; Hyde, Dallas M.; Gershwin, Laurel J.

doi:10.1016/j.vetimm.2005.09.013

Cited by 45 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The reference intervals used for normal BAL fluid cytology were established with single‐site lavage, and studies in naturally occurring and experimentally induced airway disease have also relied on cytologic assessment of a single lavage site to define the disease process . This would appear to be reasonable because in healthy dogs, similar cytologic findings are reported for lavage of the left and right lung lobe, however, different BAL findings were reported in 37% of dogs with respiratory disease .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpretation of Multisegment Bronchoalveolar Lavage in Cats (1/2001–1/2011)

Ybarra

Johnson

Drazenovich

et al. 2012

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Background: Cytologic results from bronchoscopic BAL in cats with naturally occurring respiratory disease have not been reported, and the clinical utility of multisegment lavage has not been evaluated.Hypothesis: BAL cytology from 2 separate lung segments in cats will have similar cell counts, cytologic interpretation, or both.Animals: Eighty-seven cases in 85 cats (2 examined twice) with naturally occurring lower respiratory disease. Methods: A combined prospective/retrospective evaluation of all cats with multisegment BAL was performed. BAL fluid was evaluated for total nucleated cell counts, differential cell counts, and cytologic characteristics at each lavage site. BAL fluid was categorized as eosinophilic, neutrophilic, lymphocytic, hypercellular, or mixed. Radiographs were assessed for diffuse or focal disease.Results: Clinical diagnoses included inflammatory airway disease (n = 63), pneumonia (n = 15), neoplasia (n = 6), and undetermined (n = 3). Total nucleated cell counts varied between sites regardless of radiographic evidence of focal or diffuse radiographic disease. In 28/87 cases (32%), cell counts differed between lavage sites by 2.2-40 fold. BAL yielded similar cytologic interpretation of inflammation in 45/87 (52%) cases. In 8/14 cases that had BAL performed at the site of a focal radiographic infiltrate, as well as at a site of diffuse infiltrates, the same inflammatory interpretation was made at each site.Conclusions and clinical importance: Total and differential cell counts in BAL fluid often differ between lung segments in cats with lower respiratory disease, and caution is warranted when using a single BAL cytology to define the inflammatory response in cats with spontaneously occurring lower respiratory tract disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpretation of Multisegment Bronchoalveolar Lavage in Cats (1/2001–1/2011)

Ybarra

Johnson

Drazenovich

et al. 2012

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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“…[12][13][14][15][16] It is unlikely that all cats with idiopathic small-airway disease have allergic lung disease, but experimental studies suggest that a subset of cats have an underlying allergic trigger for their signs. 9,10,16 Intradermal testing (IDT) and/or in vitro serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) tests are routinely used for the identification of important allergens for immunotherapy in cats with a clinical diagnosis of feline atopy. The goal of the pilot study reported here was to determine the prevalence of positive allergen reactions in cats with a diagnosis of naturally occurring idiopathic small-airway disease.…”

Section: Accepted 20 December 2006mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The development of an experimental model of feline asthma for the study of human disease has led to the use of this model to study not only the pathophysiology, but also the impact of various treatment options on experimentally induced feline asthma. Evidence exists, including studies involving experimentally induced feline asthma, that immunotherapy may be a treatment option for some cats 12–16 . It is unlikely that all cats with idiopathic small‐airway disease have allergic lung disease, but experimental studies suggest that a subset of cats have an underlying allergic trigger for their signs 9,10,16 …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pilot study: prevalence of positive aeroallergen reactions in 10 cats with small‐airway disease without concurrent skin disease

Moriello

Stepien

Henik

et al. 2007

Veterinary Dermatology

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The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of positive allergen reactions in cats with small-airway disease (i.e. 'feline asthma', 'feline allergic bronchitis', 'feline bronchial disease'). Intradermal skin tests (IDT) and serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) tests were performed in 10 cats with idiopathic small-airway disease and in 10 normal cats without a history of respiratory disease. None of the cats had a history of skin disease or clinical signs of skin disease at the time of testing. Significantly more individual positive allergen reactions were found on serum IgE tests than on IDT in both groups of cats. Affected cats had significantly more individual positive allergen reactions on both tests than unaffected cats. Both IDT and serum IgE tests resulted in more individual positive allergen reactions to weeds, trees, grasses, and/or moulds in affected cats than in normal cats. Significantly more positive allergen reactions to house dust mites were found in affected compared to non-affected cats by IDT but not by serum IgE testing. One unexpected obstacle to inclusion of more affected cats in the study was the concurrent presence or history of suspect or known allergic skin disease. Concurrent allergic skin disease has not been reported in association with small-airway disease in cats. The increased prevalence of individual positive allergen reactions in affected cats may be due to increased immunological reactivity in these cats. Further studies are needed to answer this question and to determine what role, if any, aeroallergens have in the pathogenesis of this complex feline disease.

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“…146,224,225 Because disease was experimentally induced in these cases, the inciting allergen (Bermuda grass allergen) was known; the challenge remains to demonstrate efficacy in natural cases where the inciting allergen (or allergens) must be determined from intradermal skin testing (notoriously difficult in cats) or IgE serology. Several studies from the same investigative group have demonstrated the success of immune therapy in experimentally induced allergic lower airway disease.…”

Section: Immunotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%