Russian practical guidance on radiological support for justification of X-ray and nuclear medicine examinations

Abstract

An important part of the justification process is assessment of the radiation risks caused by exposure of a patient during examination. The authors developed official national methodology both for medical doctors and sanitary inspectors called 'assessment of radiation risks of patients undergoing diagnostic examinations with the use of ionizing radiation'. The document addresses patients of various age groups and a wide spectrum of modern X-ray and nuclear medicine examinations. International scale of risk categorisation was implemented by the use of effective dose with account for age dependence of radiation risk. The survey of effective doses in radiology, including CT, mammography, and intervention radiology, and nuclear medicine, including singlephoton emission tomography and positron emission tomography, for patients of various age groups from several regions of Russia was used for the risk assessment. The output of the methodology is a series of tables for each diagnostic technology with lists of examinations for three age groups (children/adolescents, adults and seniors) corresponding to various radiation risk categories.

Consensus survey on pre-procedural safety practices in radiological examinations: a multicenter study in seven Asian regions

“…These results suggest that proper justification for imaging patients was somewhat insufficient in part of Asia. 10 This unveiled deficiency in examination appropriateness was anticipatively largely attributed to a lack of guidelines. 11 To replenish the missing guidelines that assure examination appropriateness, all radiological societies in the Asia-Pacific region are urged to work together.…”

Analysis of the Population Exposure Levels of Radiation Diagnostics in the Leningrad Region in 2010–2019

“…Органы брюшной полости / Abdomen 0,64 ± 0,3 (0,14-1,05) 0,65 ± 0,33 (0,05-1,25) 1,24 ± 0,84 (0,04-2,56) 0,41 ± 0,34 (0,03-1,10) 0,65 ± 0,32 (0,13-1,05) Почки / мочевыводящая система Kidneys / Urinary system 0,54 ± 0,27 (0,2-1,0) 0,43 ± 0,21 (0,10-1,20) 0,41 ± 0,19 (0,13-0,70) 0,53 ± 0,21 (0,24-1,20) 0,49 ± 0,25 (0,21-1,35) Поясничные позвонки / Lumbar spine -0,54 ± 0,20 (0,04-0,94) 0,62 ± 0,20 (0,21-1,40) 0,62 ± 0,48 (0,02-1,63) 0,52 ± 0,21 (0,03-0,86) Рентгенография цифровая / Digital radiography Органы грудной клетки / Chest 0,02 ± 0,01 (0,01-0,05) 0,03 (0,03-0,03) 0,03 (0,03-0,03) 0,05 ± 0,05 (0,01-0,16) 0,03 ± 0,01 (0,03-0,04) Таз / бедро Pelvis / femur 0,16 ± 0,05 (0,09-0,24) 0,08 ± 0,03 (0,04-0,10) 0,19 ± 0,08 (0,10-0,33) 0,09 ± 0,09 (0,09-0,09) 0,23 ± 0,16 (0,09-0,48) Органы брюшной полости/Abdomen 0,18 ± 0,05 (0,08-0,20) 0,18 ± 0,11 (0,03-0,38) 0,21 ± 0,16 (0,09-0,42) --Почки / мочевыводящая система Kidneys / Urinary system -0,08 (0,08-0,08) 0,25 (0,25-0,25) -0,09 (0,09-0,09) Поясничные позвонки / Lumbar spine 0,15 ± 0,06 (0,08-0,23) 0,09 ± 0,06 (0,02-0,19) 0,08 (0,08-0,08) 0,09 ± 0,05 (0,05-0,20) 0,12 ± 0,07 (0,07-0,26) Сравнение полученных средних эффективных доз для выборок со средними эффективными дозами для всей Российской Федерации за 2019 г. и другими отечественными источниками данных [1,4,23] представлено в таблице 6.…”