Ruthenium(II) anthraquinone complexes as two-photon luminescent probes for cycling hypoxia imaging in vivo

Highly Charged Ruthenium(II) Polypyridyl Complexes as Lysosome‐Localized Photosensitizers for Two‐Photon Photodynamic Therapy

“…[17] Therefore,M CTSs were employed to further assess the potential of our Ru II complexes.None of the Ru II complexes exhibited dark cytotoxicity towards MCTSs (Table S4). Moreover,t he multicellular resistance (MCR) that is widely present in solid tumors is not found in cell monolayers.…”

“…[16] To address the issue of chemical stability,a ll complexes were exposed to continuous light irradiation and found to exhibit excellent photostability (Figure S8 b). [17] As clearly evident from the HPLC-UV traces ( Figure S10), Ru1-Ru3 showed no apparent decomposition in plasma after three days.Another important parameter for aPDT PS is its ability to produce toxic 1 O 2 .Upon irradiation at 450 nm and by direct comparison with the 1 O 2 emission areas of phenalenone around 1270 nm, the 1 O 2 generation quantum yields (F D )o f Ru1-Ru3 were determined to be 92-99 %i nm ethanol and 49-67 %i nD 2 O ( Figure S8 c). [17] As clearly evident from the HPLC-UV traces ( Figure S10), Ru1-Ru3 showed no apparent decomposition in plasma after three days.Another important parameter for aPDT PS is its ability to produce toxic 1 O 2 .Upon irradiation at 450 nm and by direct comparison with the 1 O 2 emission areas of phenalenone around 1270 nm, the 1 O 2 generation quantum yields (F D )o f Ru1-Ru3 were determined to be 92-99 %i nm ethanol and 49-67 %i nD 2 O ( Figure S8 c).…”

Two-photon luminescent metal complexes for bioimaging and cancer phototherapy

“…developed the first two-photon reversible probes(Fig. 14, complex43−45)for cycling hypoxia detection[157]. The ruthenium(III) complexes possessed redox-active anthraquinone moieties (quenchers) that could be reversibly reduced to hydroquinone to "ignite" the probes.…”

Luminescent Probe Based Techniques for Hypoxia Imaging

“…By linking the PVP to rhodamine B as an internal standard, the probe was able to provide a means for ratiometric measurements, with Ir-PVP-RhB measured hypoxia in SH-SY5Y cells showing red emission due to increased emission intensity of the Ir moiety at 670–750 nm. In vivo imaging of tumor hypoxia was highly effective and because of the reduced clearance of PVP the probe measurement could be taken over 120 hours [59]. …”