S1 gene sequence analysis of a nephropathogenic strain of avian infectious bronchitis virus in Egypt

Abstract

Background: Infectious bronchitis is highly contagious and constitutes one of the most common and difficult poultry diseases to control. IBV is endemic in probably all countries that raise chickens. It exists as dozens of serotypes/genotypes. Only a few amino acid differences in the S1 protein of vaccine and challenge strains of IBV may result in poor protection. Tropism of IBV includes the respiratory tract tissues, proventriculus and caecal tonsils of the alimentary tract, the oviduct and the kidney.

Genotyping and pathotyping of diversified strains of infectious bronchitis viruses circulating in Egypt

“…Trachea, lung and kidney were collected from infected birds after intranasal inoculation and the virus tropism was detected by rRTPCR, the results were shown in Table 5. Similarly, variants of IBV were reported as nephrogenic strains in Egypt: D274, D3896, D1559, Egypt/BeniSuef/01, 720/99 Israel, 4/91, IS/1494 [13,29] . Terregino et al [34] isolated IBV from kidney, trachea, ovary, and oviduct following infection with the QXIBV strain.…”

New real time and conventional RT-PCRs for updated molecular diagnosis of infectious bronchitis virus infection (IBV) in chickens in Egypt associated with frequent co-infections with avian influenza and Newcastle Disease viruses

“…Various chicken flocks are suffering from respiratory disease caused, at least in part, by infection with IBV and NDV (Abd El Rahman et al, 2015). Over the last decades, different genotypes of IBV have been recognized in Egypt which were related to the Massachusetts, D3128, D274, D-08880 and 4/91 genotypes (Abdel-Moneim et al, 2006;Jackwood, 2012;Sheble et al, 1986). In 2001, a unique Egyptian variant (type isolate: Egypt/Beni-Suef/01), closely related to an Israeli variant strain II, was identified in different chicken farms and classified as Egyptian variant I (Abdel-Moneim et al, 2002).…”

Isolation and molecular characterization of Sul/01/09 avian infectious bronchitis virus, indicates the emergence of a new genotype in the Middle East

“…Serotype-specific determinant of IBV is thought to be located in the hypervariable regions (HVRs) of S1 glycoprotein (Cavanagh et al, 1988), and it is the S1 subunit of the spike protein which induces neutralizing antibody (Cavanagh et al, 1988;Koch et al, 1990). In addition to the well-known Massachusetts (Mass) serotype of IBV, many other serotypes, distinct from Mass, have been isolated in Africa (El Houadfi et al, 1986;Abdel-Moneim et al, 2006), Asia (Rajeswar et al, 1998;Bochkov et al, 2006), Australia (Ignjatovic et al, 2006) and Europe (Capua et al, 1994;Worthington et al, 2008). The majority of these strains are endemic for certain geographic regions.…”

“…The majority of these strains are endemic for certain geographic regions. Three closely related variants of IBV isolates in Israel (IS/ 720/99 and IS/885) and Egypt (Egypt/Beniseuf/01) have been genotyped by sequencing of the S1 subunit (Meir et al, 2004;Abdel-Moneim et al, 2006).…”