S100⊕ cell response to squamous cell carcinoma of the lip: inverse correlation with metastasis

Abstract

Previous work has suggested a key role of dendritic cells in antineoplastic immunity. The course of mycosis fungoides and cancers of the lung, colon, thyroid and stomach has been associated with dendritic cell response to the primary tumor. However, this has not been reported for cutaneous or mucosal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Thirty-six cases of primary SCC of the lip mucosa or vermillion border, including nine cases with regional metastasis, were studied to investigate the relationship of dendritic cell density with age, tumor grade, mitotic rate, diameter, ulceration, depth of invasion, muscle invasion, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and metastasis. Dendritic cells were identified using S100 immunohistochemistry, and their peritumor and intratumor density (peri-S100D and intra-S100D) were determined. The mean peri-S100D was 314 +/- 50/mm2. High peri-S100D was associated with lower rate of metastasis (P = 0.03), and no case with peri-S100D > 311/mm2 metastasized. Peri-S100D inversely correlated with depth of invasion (P = 0.04) and ulceration (P = 0.02), and positively associated with TILs (P = 0.02). The mean intra-S100D was 317 +/- 42/mm2. Intra-S100D did not quantitatively correlate with metastasis; however, no metastasis occurred when intra-S100D exceeded 515/mm2. Intra-S100D correlated with brisk TILs (P = 0.04). These results suggest a functional role of dendritic cells in the immune response to SCC. Peri-S100D may be a prognostic indicator.

Loss of New Chemokine CXCL14 in Tumor Tissue Is Associated with Low Infiltration by Dendritic Cells (DC), while Restoration of Human CXCL14 Expression in Tumor Cells Causes Attraction of DC Both In Vitro and In Vivo

“…First, we confirmed and expanded the published data concerning the reduction of DC numbers in the tumor mass when compared with nonmalignant tissues (14,15). We analyzed a variety of paraffin specimens of HNSCC and oral dysplastic lesions for the presence of CD1a, S-100, CD83, and CD11c DC by immunohistochemistry.…”

“…Examining distribution of S100 ϩ DC in the tumor tissues and regional lymph nodes of 60 patients with HNSCC, Deng et al (14) reported that the S100 ϩ DC density in tumor tissues was correlated with the tumor histologic grade, and the density of S100 ϩ DC was significantly higher in regional lymph nodes without tumor than in those with metastases. A similar conclusion was reported after evaluation of 36 cases of primary HNSCC of the lip mucosa or vermillion border for the correlation between tumor-associated DC density and tumor grade, mitotic rate, diameter, ulceration, depth of invasion, muscle invasion, and metastasis (15). Goldman et al (16) have determined that survival and recurrence rates for patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the tongue correlate with the degree of DC infiltration of the primary tumor or adjacent tongue tissue.…”

Markers CD40, VEGF, AKT, PI3K, and S100 Correlate with Tumor Stage in Gastric Cancer

“…These findings agree with research that found that high expression of S100 around tumors is associated with a lower rate of metastasis [30], and with research that found that the infiltration of S100-positive cells positively correlated with both the depth of invasion and with nodal involvement [31]. Our findings suggest that earlier TNM stages have higher expression of S100, that DC have an important role in immune defense against gastric cancer, and that S100 can predict the prognosis of gastric cancer.…”

New Roles for Mononuclear Phagocytes in Cancer Biology

“…Dendritic-cell infiltrates correlate with favorable outcome in esophageal carcinoma, 114 transitional cell carcinoma, 115 colorectal cancer, 116 and squamous cell carcinoma. [117][118][119] Because dendritic cells are so closely related to macrophages, in many studies it is not always clear which mononuclear phagocyte cell type present in the tumor is responsible for the described activity. 120 The cell surface antigens CD68, S100, and HLA-DR are present on both populations.…”