Safe display parameters for veneer and marquetry objects: A review of the available information for wooden collections

Luxford, Naomi; Strlič, Matija; Thickett, David

doi:10.1179/2047058412y.0000000062

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The modelling of the ageing of canvas paintings is also not straightforward (Young & Ackroyd, 2001). However, informative scientific research on cultural heritage objects themselves, alongside that on modelled systems, is beginning to appear (Watkinson & Tanner, 2008;Luxford et al, 2010Luxford et al, , 2013Garside & Knight, 2011;Kozłowski et al, 2011;Bratasz, 2013;Gong et al, 2013). Recent research on a polychromed altarpiece in an Italian church, for example, demonstrated the effects of the seasonal cycles of temperature and RH and, more damagingly, short-term winter heating.…”

Section: Scientific Examination Of Materials and Artifactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental conditions for the safeguarding of collections: A background to the current debate on the control of relative humidity and temperature

Atkinson

2014

Studies in Conservation

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Conditions of relative humidity (RH) and temperature within museums and buildings holding collections of cultural heritage objects are often maintained around a strictly controlled set point of about 50 ± 5% RH and 20 or 21 ± 2°C to provide safe, stable conditions for hygroscopic artifacts. It has recently been proposed that these ranges should be relaxed to values that are less energy-intensive to maintain while still being safe for the objects in the collection, with the aim of reducing both carbon footprint and energy use. It is also suggested that conditions should be determined by the needs of individual objects and by the local climate of the region, rather than applying overall values across the museum as a whole. This proposal has led to much discussion within the conservation community. The suggested values, a stable humidity within the range 40-60% RH and a stable temperature within the range 16-25°C for most objects, apart from the most vulnerable, are derived from the results of experimental research on the responses of individual materials to particular conditions of RH and temperature, as well as observations of the behaviour of cultural heritage objects in their own environments and on loan. This paper describes briefly the historical and scientific background to the present discussion.

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Section: Scientific Examination Of Materials and Artifactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental conditions for the safeguarding of collections: A background to the current debate on the control of relative humidity and temperature

Atkinson

2014

Studies in Conservation

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“…To achieve this, it is necessary to understand how VOC emissions can be related both to material degradation (incorporating chemical degradation such as polymer chain scission and also physical degradation such as loss of additives) and to the macroscopic signs of degradation observed in an object, sometimes referred to as 'damage' (Luxford et al, 2013). In some of the studies reviewed here, the authors have described both the analysis of volatile emissions and the physical changes observed in the object as it degrades, making it possible to probe these relationships.…”

Section: Which Materials?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymers and volatiles: Using VOC analysis for the conservation of plastic and rubber objects

Curran

Strlič

2014

Studies in Conservation

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There is an acknowledged need for improved conservation of plastic and rubber objects within collections, including improved methods of condition assessment, material identification, and better understanding of material degradation. This reflects the inherent instability and wide-ranging formulations of many such objects and also the relative lack of knowledge in this field. Analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is a useful method for understanding the chemical processes involved in polymer degradation and for the identification of materials. Conservators and curators have used odor analysis to identify historical plastics for many years, and techniques ranging from acid detection strips to laboratory-based techniques such as solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry have been used to characterize plastic and rubber materials and to understand their degradation. VOC analysis also has potential as a technique for bulk material identification, as a complementary tool to spectroscopic analysis of the surface. A significant advantage of VOC analysis is its potential to be non-invasive, avoiding destructive sampling or even contact with an object. However, there is a greater potential for VOC analysis to be of benefit within conservation than is currently being exploited and significant scope for future research. In fields such as construction or waste management, there is also significant research into analysis of VOC emissions from plastic and rubber materials. The goal of this paper is to systematically review research from a range of fields including conservation, polymer degradation, and plastics recycling and it includes the use of VOC analysis to understand the causes of damage to plastic and rubber objects, to provide evidence of degradation and to monitor degradation progress, and to identify materials and distinguish between different formulations. Summaries of relevant studies are given, and volatile markers of object damage and polymer degradation and key volatile identifiers of a particular material are highlighted.

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“…The predicted indoor climate is combined with different damage functions [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] to assess the risks deriving from climate change [30]. Figure 10 shows the procedure of the different steps from outdoor climate data to indoor climate data and to the assessment of risks by damage functions.…”

Section: Future Indoor Climates and Risk Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate for Culture: assessing the impact of climate change on the future indoor climate in historic buildings using simulations

Leißner¹,

Kilian²,

Kotova

et al. 2015

Herit Sci

138

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Background: The present study reports results from the large-scale integrated EU project "Climate for Culture". The full name, or title, of the project is Climate for Culture: damage risk assessment, economic impact and mitigation strategies for sustainable preservation of cultural heritage in times of climate change. This paper focusses on implementing high resolution regional climate models together with new building simulation tools in order to predict future outdoor and indoor climate conditions. The potential impact of gradual climate change on historic buildings and on the vast collections they contain has been assessed. Two moderate IPCC emission scenarios A1B and RCP 4.5 were used to predict indoor climates in historic buildings from the recent past until the year 2100. Risks to the building and to the interiors with valuable artifacts were assessed using damage functions. A set of generic building types based on data from existing buildings were used to transfer outdoor climate conditions to indoor conditions using high resolution climate projections for Europe and the Mediterranean. Results:The high resolution climate change simulations have been performed with the regional climate model REMO over the whole of Europe including the Mediterranean region. Whole building simulation tools and a simplified building model were developed for historic buildings; they were forced with high resolution climate simulations. This has allowed maps of future climate-induced risks for historic buildings and their interiors to be produced. With this procedure future energy demands for building control can also be calculated. Conclusion:With the newly developed method described here not only can outdoor risks for cultural heritage assets resulting from climate change be assessed, but also risks for indoor collections. This can be done for individual buildings as well as on a larger scale in the form of European risk maps. By using different standardized and exemplary artificial buildings in modelling climate change impact, a comparison between different regions in Europe has become possible for the first time. The methodology will serve heritage owners and managers as a decision tool, helping them to plan more effectively mitigation and adaption measures at various levels.

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Safe display parameters for veneer and marquetry objects: A review of the available information for wooden collections

Cited by 8 publications

References 25 publications

Environmental conditions for the safeguarding of collections: A background to the current debate on the control of relative humidity and temperature

Environmental conditions for the safeguarding of collections: A background to the current debate on the control of relative humidity and temperature

Polymers and volatiles: Using VOC analysis for the conservation of plastic and rubber objects

Climate for Culture: assessing the impact of climate change on the future indoor climate in historic buildings using simulations

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