Safety and blood sample volume and quality of a refined retro-orbital bleeding technique in rats using a lateral approach

Sharma, Ashish; Fish, Brian L.; Moulder, John E.; Medhora, Meetha; Baker, John E.; Mäder, Marylou; Cohen, Eric P.

doi:10.1038/laban.432

Cited by 77 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Previous published work has shown that rising BUN levels are superior to histopathology for assessing radiation nephropathy (Moulder et al 2011a) To measure BUN, rats were anesthetized with 3-5% isoflurane for blood draws by retro-orbital bleeds conducted by an experienced technician (Sharma et al 2014). The BUN was assayed from serum as described previously (Medhora et al 2014; Cohen et al 1994) using a urease-nitroprusside colorimetric assay.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Hydration and Antibiotics with Lisinopril to Mitigate Acute and Delayed High-dose Radiation Injuries to Multiple Organs

et al. 2016

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The NIAID Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program is developing medical agents to mitigate the acute and delayed effects of radiation that may occur from a radionuclear attack or accident. To date, most such medical countermeasures have been developed for single organ injuries. Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors have been used to mitigate radiation-induced lung, skin, brain and renal injuries in rats. ACE inhibitors have also been reported to decrease normal tissue complication in radiation oncology patients. In the current study we have developed a rat partial-body irradiation (leg-out PBI) model with minimal bone marrow sparing (one leg shielded) that results in acute and late injuries to multiple organs. In this model, the ACE inhibitor lisinopril (at ∼24 mg m-2 day-1 started orally in the drinking water at 7 days after irradiation and continued to ≥150 days) mitigated late effects in the lungs and kidneys after 12.5 Gy leg-out PBI. Also in this model, a short course of saline hydration and antibiotics mitigated acute radiation syndrome following doses as high as 13 Gy. Combining this supportive care with the lisinopril regimen mitigated overall morbidity for up to 150 days after 13 Gy leg-out PBI. Furthermore lisinopril was an effective mitigator in the presence of the growth factor G-CSF (100 μg kg-1 day-1 from days 1-14) which is FDA-approved for use in a radionuclear event. In summary, by combining lisinopril (FDA-approved for other indications) with hydration and antibiotics, we mitigated acute and delayed radiation injuries in multiple organs.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Hydration and Antibiotics with Lisinopril to Mitigate Acute and Delayed High-dose Radiation Injuries to Multiple Organs

et al. 2016

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“…40 In brief, after the rats were lightly anesthetized with isoflurane, a sterile glass capillary tube was inserted into the retro-orbital sinus venous plexus. The blood was allowed to flow via capillary action into a collection tube.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-Term Sleep Disturbance–Induced Stress Does not Affect Basal Pain Perception, but Does Delay Postsurgical Pain Recovery

Wang

Cao

Wang

et al. 2015

The Journal of Pain

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Chronic sleep disturbance-induced stress is known to increase basal pain sensitivity. However, most surgical patients frequently report short-term sleep disturbance/deprivation during pre- and post-operation periods and have normal pain perception pre-surgery. Whether this short-term sleep disturbance affects postsurgical pain is elusive. We here reported that pre- or post-exposure to rapid eye movement sleep disturbance (REMSD) 6 h daily for 3 consecutive days did not alter basal responses to mechanical, heat, and cold stimuli, but did delay recovery in incision-induced reductions in paw withdrawal threshold to mechanical stimulation and paw withdrawal latencies to heat and cold stimuli on the ipsilateral side of male or female rats. This short-term REMSD led to stress evidenced by an increase in swim immobility time, a decrease in sucrose consumption, and an elevation in the level of corticosterone in serum. Blocking this stress via intrathecal RU38486 or bilateral adrenalectomy abolished REMSD-caused delay in recovery of incision-induced reductions in behavioral responses to mechanical, heat, and cold stimuli. Moreover, this short-term REMSD produced significant reductions in the levels of mu opioid receptor and kappa opioid receptor, but not Kv1.2, in the ipsilateral L4/5 spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia on day 9 post-incision (but not post-sham surgery).

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“…One hour later, mice were anaesthetized with chloral hydrate (0.35 g·kg −1 , i.p. injection), and blood was collected via a retro-orbital puncture to measure platelet counts (De Meyer et al, 2011;Sharma et al, 2014). A sterile capillary pipette was cut to appropriate length, and the cut ends were ground to have flat edges.…”

Section: Platelet Countsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel snake venom‐derived GPIb antagonist, anfibatide, protects mice from acute experimental ischaemic stroke and reperfusion injury

Fan

Hou

et al. 2015

British J Pharmacology

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Background and Purpose Ischaemic stroke is a serious disease with limited therapy options. Glycoprotein (GP)Ib binding to von Willebrand factor (vWF) exposed at vascular injury initiates platelet adhesion and contributes to platelet aggregation. GPIb has been suggested as an effective target for antithrombotic therapy in stroke. Anfibatide is a GPIb antagonist derived from snake venom and we investigated its protective effect on experimental brain ischaemia in mice. Experimental Approach Focal cerebral ischaemia was induced by 90 min of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). These mice were then treated with anfibatide (4, 2, 1 μg·kg−1), injected i.v., after 90 min of MCAO, followed by 1 h of reperfusion. Tirofiban, a GPIIb/IIIα antagonist, was used as a positive control. Key Results Twenty‐four hours after MCAO, anfibatide‐treated mice showed significantly improved ischaemic lesions in a dose‐dependent manner. The mice had smaller infarct volumes, less severe neurological deficits and histopathology of cerebrum tissues compared with the untreated MCAO mice. Moreover, anfibatide decreased the amount of GPIbα, vWF and accumulation of fibrin(ogen) in the vasculature of the ischaemic hemisphere. Tirofiban had similar effects on infarct size and fibrin(ogen) deposition compared with the MCAO group. Importantly, the anfibatide‐treated mice showed a lower incidence of intracerebral haemorrhage and shorter tail bleeding time compared with the tirofiban‐treated mice. Conclusions and Implications Our data indicate anfibatide is a safe GPIb antagonist that exerts a protective effect on cerebral ischaemia and reperfusion injury. Anfibatide is a promising candidate that could be beneficial for the treatment of ischaemic stroke.

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Safety and blood sample volume and quality of a refined retro-orbital bleeding technique in rats using a lateral approach

Cited by 77 publications

References 11 publications

Combined Hydration and Antibiotics with Lisinopril to Mitigate Acute and Delayed High-dose Radiation Injuries to Multiple Organs

Combined Hydration and Antibiotics with Lisinopril to Mitigate Acute and Delayed High-dose Radiation Injuries to Multiple Organs

Short-Term Sleep Disturbance–Induced Stress Does not Affect Basal Pain Perception, but Does Delay Postsurgical Pain Recovery

A novel snake venom‐derived GPIb antagonist, anfibatide, protects mice from acute experimental ischaemic stroke and reperfusion injury

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