Safety of magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents

Shellock, Frank G.; Kanal, Emanuel

doi:10.1002/(sici)1522-2586(199909)10:3<477::aid-jmri33>3.0.co;2-e

Cited by 295 publications

(144 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…26 Although patients with normal serum creatinine levels and renal function should not have prolonged clearance of gadolinium chelates, in those patients with renal insufficiency (glomerular filtration rate [GFR] Ͻ20 mL/min), the t 1 ⁄2 can increase up to 30 hours. 27 Although the reported rate of gadolinium neurotoxicity in patients with renal insufficiency is Ͻ1%, 28 this may, in fact, be higher than previously thought. It has been reported that the clinical correlation of increased signal intensity in the SAS on FLAIR imaging in patients with renal insufficiency also appears not to be associated with clinical neurotoxicity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Signal in the Subarachnoid Space on Fluid-Attenuated Inversion Recovery Imaging Associated with the Clearance Dynamics of Gadolinium Chelate: A Potential Diagnostic Pitfall

Morris¹,

Miller²

2007

American Journal of Neuroradiology

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BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Hyperintense CSF in the subarachnoid space (SAS) on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) imaging has been reported in numerous pathologic conditions, including subarachnoid hemorrhage, meningitis, meningeal carcinomatosis, superior sagittal thrombosis, adjacent tumors, status epilepticus, and stroke. It has also been reported in otherwise healthy patients undergoing anesthesia with supplemental oxygen. We present a series of 11 patients with hyperintense CSF signal intensity in the SAS on FLAIR imaging after previous administration of gadolinium chelate.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Signal in the Subarachnoid Space on Fluid-Attenuated Inversion Recovery Imaging Associated with the Clearance Dynamics of Gadolinium Chelate: A Potential Diagnostic Pitfall

Morris¹,

Miller²

2007

American Journal of Neuroradiology

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“…44 Gd-BOPTA, used in this study, is characterized by minimal protein binding, which extends the intravascular phase of this compound compared with other extracellular agents. 45 Prolonging the intravascular contrast phase particularly aids in the display of portal and systemic venous systems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Right-lobe living related liver transplantation: Evaluation of a comprehensive magnetic resonance imaging protocol for assessing potential donors

Goyen

Barkhausen

Debatin

et al. 2002

Liver Transplantation

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The purpose of this study was to determine the practicability and diagnostic accuracy of a magnetic resonance (MR) protocol capable of replacing computed tomography, catheter angiography, and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography for the presurgical evaluation of potential liver donors before right hepatectomy. MR imaging (MRI) was performed on a 1.5 T scanner using a phased-array torso surface coil for signal reception. The following image sets were collected: axial two-dimensional (

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“…Other imaging methods rely on injection or inhalation of contrast agents such as gadolinium (Gd) chelates or hyperpolarized gases (Swanson et al 1997(Swanson et al , 1999. Chelates of gadolinium ion such as Gd-DTPA generate contrast by increasing the relaxation rate of nearby water protons and are used in nearly half of all diagnostic MRI procedures (Shellock and Kanal 1999;Bellin 2006). These contrast agents are effective in diagnosis and staging of brain tumors by measuring the breakdown of the blood-brain barrier and in breast cancer by measuring enhanced uptake in breast tumors (Leach et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Targeted gadolinium-loaded dendrimer nanoparticles for tumor-specific magnetic resonance contrast enhancement

Kukowska-Latallo¹

2008

IJN

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A target-specifi c MRI contrast agent for tumor cells expressing high affi nity folate receptor was synthesized using generation fi ve (G5) of polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer. Surface modifi ed dendrimer was functionalized for targeting with folic acid (FA) and the remaining terminal primary amines of the dendrimer were conjugated with the bifunctional NCS-DOTA chelator that forms stable complexes with gadolinium (Gd III). Dendrimer-DOTA conjugates were then complexed with GdCl 3, followed by ICP-OES as well as MRI measurement of their longitudinal relaxivity (T1 s) of water. In xenograft tumors established in immunodefi cient (SCID) mice with KB human epithelial cancer cells expressing folate receptor (FAR), the 3D MRI results showed specifi c and statistically signifi cant signal enhancement in tumors generated with targeted Gd(III)-DOTA-G5-FA compared with signal generated by non-targeted Gd(III)-DOTA-G5 contrast nanoparticle. The targeted dendrimer contrast nanoparticles infi ltrated tumor and were retained in tumor cells up to 48 hours post-injection of targeted contrast nanoparticle. The presence of folic acid on the dendrimer resulted in specifi c delivery of the nanoparticle to tissues and xenograft tumor cells expressing folate receptor in vivo. We present the specifi city of the dendrimer nanoparticles for targeted cancer imaging with the prolonged clearance time compared with the current clinically approved gadodiamide (Omniscan TM ) contrast agent. Potential application of this approach may include determination of the folate receptor status of tumors and monitoring of drug therapy.

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Safety of magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents

Cited by 295 publications

References 57 publications

Increased Signal in the Subarachnoid Space on Fluid-Attenuated Inversion Recovery Imaging Associated with the Clearance Dynamics of Gadolinium Chelate: A Potential Diagnostic Pitfall

Increased Signal in the Subarachnoid Space on Fluid-Attenuated Inversion Recovery Imaging Associated with the Clearance Dynamics of Gadolinium Chelate: A Potential Diagnostic Pitfall

Right-lobe living related liver transplantation: Evaluation of a comprehensive magnetic resonance imaging protocol for assessing potential donors

Targeted gadolinium-loaded dendrimer nanoparticles for tumor-specific magnetic resonance contrast enhancement

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