“…In the past, many studies on this subject have been published (Phillips & Bell;O´Ryan & Epker;Arnett & Tamborello, 1990;Arnett et al, 1996aArnett et al, , 1996bBouwman et al, 1994;Merkx & Van Damme, 1994;Scheerlinck et al, 1994 close range from 15 to 35 years, females presenting a high mandibular plane angle with mandibular hypoplasia and a small posterior-to-anterior facial height ratio (Hoppenreijs et al;Kerstens et al;Arnett et al, 1996aArnett et al, , 1996bHuang et al, 1997;Hwang et al, 2000b;Moore et al, 1991). A posterior inclined condylar neck has been considered another contributing factor (Hwang et al, 2000a(Hwang et al, , 2000bHoppenreijs et al).…”