Salidroside alleviates inflammatory reaction and sciatic nerve injury by inhibiting AKT/NF-κB pathway

Abstract

Background Peripheral nerve injury is a common traumatic nerve injury disease with poor prognosis. Salidroside is a natural compound extracted from the plant Rhodiola, which has been proved to have neuroprotective effect. This experiment studied the therapeutic effect of salidroside on peripheral nerve injury. Methods Establishment of sciatic nerve injury model in Sprague-Dawley adult rats by arterial compression. Bsso-Beattie-Bresnahan(BBB score, F-wave and Tce-MEP were used to compare the motor and nerve conduction functions of rats. Histological differences were observed by Histological assessments and transmission electron microscopy. The rat model of sciatic nerve injury was selected and salidroside injection was injected for 14 consecutive days. The effects of salidroside on motor and nerve conduction function of SNI rats were evaluated by behavioral and electrophysiological monitoring. Histological changes were observed by HE staining and transmission electron microscope. Establishment of Schwann cell inflammation model. The expression of ROS was detected. The expressions of inflammatory factors and nerve growth factors in sciatic nerve tissue and RSC96 cells of rats were detected by QRT-PCR and western blotting. Results The compression of arteries causes sciatic nerve injury in different degrees. The motor and nerve conduction function of rats decreased, myelin sheath and axon were damaged, and the level of inflammation increased. Salidroside improved the nerve function and morphology of rats, reduced neuroinflammation and promoted the expression of nerve growth factor. Salidroside down-regulated the expression of inflammation in Schwann cells treated with LPS, reduced the production of ROS and promoted the secretion of nerve growth factor. Conclusion Sciatic nerve injury caused by arterial entrapment produces persistent neuroinflammatory reaction. Salidroside reduces the expression of inflammatory factor TNF-α through AKT/NF-κB pathway, up-regulates the expression of NGF, promotes myelin sheath growth and axon regeneration, and improves the neurological function of SNI rats.