Salinity and Low Phosphorus Differentially Affect Shoot and Root Traits in Two Wheat Cultivars with Contrasting Tolerance to Salt

Abstract

Soil salinity and phosphorus (P) deficiency both have adverse effects on crop growth and productivity, but the interaction of soil salinity and P deficiency is not well known. Two P-inefficient wheat cultivars, Janz (salinity-tolerant) and Jandaroi (salinity-sensitive), grown in soil in rhizoboxes, were treated with either 100 µM P (control), 100 mM NaCl (saline stress), 10 µM P (low P stress), or both NaCl and low P (combined stress), from 10 days after sowing (DAS) until harvest at 40 DAS. Significant reductions in leaf area, shoot and root biomass, tissue water and chlorophyll contents, gas exchange, and K+ and P acquisition at harvest were observed in the three treatments. The reduction was greater for low P supply than for salinity alone, but their interaction was not additive. The detrimental effects on root growth became apparent 10 days earlier in Jandaroi compared to Janz. Root length, root number, root length densities, and root number densities were higher in the upper 10 cm soil layer than in the lower layers for both cultivars. This study demonstrated that 10 µM P is more detrimental than 100 mM NaCl for shoot and root growth of both wheat cultivars irrespective of their difference in salinity tolerance.

Synergetic Effects of Zinc, Boron, Silicon, and Zeolite Nanoparticles on Confer Tolerance in Potato Plants Subjected to Salinity

“…All in all, the combined effects of Zn, Si, B, and zeolite nanoparticles used in the present study lead ultimately to a higher yield of potato tubers, the economic parts of the plant. According to our study, this improved yield can be attributed so far to several factors such as: (a) improved activity of photosynthesis, (b) enhanced ratio of Na + /Ca 2+ , (c) increased activity of antioxidant enzymes, (d) increased soluble substances concentration in plant tissues, resulting in better sodium tolerance in plants, and (f) improved carbohydrate metabolism and transportation [21,105,[111][112][113][114].…”

Maize genotypes with deep root systems tolerate salt stress better than those with shallow root systems during early growth

“…There were 12 bins in total with four bins per salt level. been used for studies of root phenotyping in maize using the same semi-hydroponic phenotyping system (Qiao et al, 2019) and salinity tolerance in wheat using soil-filled rhizoboxes (Abbas et al, 2018).…”

Arbuscular Mycorrhizas Regulate Photosynthetic Capacity and Antioxidant Defense Systems to Mediate Salt Tolerance in Maize

“…Water use efficiency was calculated as the ratio between the net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate. Shoot water content was calculated according to our recent study [22].…”