Salinity gradient energy potential at the hyper saline Urmia Lake – ZarrinehRud River system in Iran

Emdadi, Arash; Gikas, Petros; Farazaki, Maria; Emami, Yunus

doi:10.1016/j.renene.2015.08.015

Cited by 40 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 45 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In the last decade, research on the estimation of marine resources has greatly increased around the world. Examples of this kind of research include: energy from waves [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12], ocean currents [13][14][15][16], salinity gradients [17][18][19][20], and thermal gradients [21][22][23]. Other works concerned with energy resource assessment for specific countries, such as Korea [24] and Colombia [25], have also been published.…”

Section: Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The energy resulting from this phenomenon can be converted into electric power by appropriate conversion devices. SGE can be harnessed where there is a considerable difference between the salinities of the two fluids, either in a lake-river system (i.e., the rivers have their mouths in a lake, as in [18]) or in an ocean-river system (i.e., the rivers have their mouths in an ocean, as in [45]).…”

Section: Salinity Gradientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mechanism of mixing salt solutions of different concentrations under constant pressure and temperature conditions is described in the Gibbs free energy of mixing, which is commonly used to estimate the extractable energy from such an interaction [20,46]. Details of this method can be found in [17,18,46], among others.…”

Section: Salinity Gradient Powermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These include the volumes of water involved, the differences in temperature between them, the chemical characteristics of the salt, environmental restrictions, available infrastructure, and the demand for electricity. Although a complete assessment of the available salinity gradient power would depend on these factors, for preliminary purposes it is possible to perform a theoretical estimation with only four variables [18,19]: temperature, river salinity, sea salinity, and discharge at the river mouth. In this framework, the theoretical potential of energy produced by a salinity gradient (P SG , in kW) in a river-ocean system is estimated by the practical approach proposed by [54], which was also used by [19] and [18]:…”

Section: Salinity Gradient Powermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where Q riv is the river discharge (in m 3 /s), R is a universal gas constant equal to 8.314 J/mol • K [18], and T mouth (in • K) is the water temperature at the river mouth where it meets the ocean. S riv and S sea are the river and seawater salinities (in mol/L), respectively.…”

Section: Salinity Gradient Powermentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

On the Marine Energy Resources of Mexico

Hernández-Fontes

Felix

Mendoza

et al. 2019

JMSE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Atlantic and Pacific coasts of Mexico offer a variety of marine energy sources for exploitation. Although the Mexican government has made important efforts to reduce its dependence on fossil fuels, national participation in clean energies is still limited in terms of electricity production. This paper presents a practical theoretical assessment of marine energy sources around Mexico, with the aim of identifying potential zones for subsequent, more detailed, technical evaluations and project implementations. The energy sources considered are ocean currents, waves, salinity, and thermal gradients. Using global databases, the percentages of energy availability for the defined thresholds were computed to establish the prospective regions with the most persistent power availability. This approach proved to offer more meaningful information than simple averaged values. Moreover, some environmental and socio-economic factors to be considered for future ocean energy resource assessments in Mexico were also discussed. The results show that the wave energy potential is highest in the northwest of Mexico (~2–10 kW/m for more than 50% of the time), and that there is a constant source of ocean current energy off Quintana Roo state (~32–215 W/m2 for more than 50% of the time). The thermal gradient power is more persistent in the southwest and southeast of the country, where ~100–200 MW can be found 70% of the time. The salinity gradient energy is strongest in the southeast of Mexico. The practical approach presented here can be extended to perform preliminary resources assessments in regions where information is scarce.

show abstract

Section: Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Salinity Gradientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Salinity Gradient Powermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Salinity Gradient Powermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Salinity Gradient Powermentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

On the Marine Energy Resources of Mexico

Hernández-Fontes

Felix

Mendoza

et al. 2019

JMSE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

From non‐renewable energy to renewable by harvesting salinity gradient power by reverse electrodialysis: A review

Zoungrana

Çakmakçı

2020

Int J Energy Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary Fossil fuel is scanty and negatively affects the earth by inducing climate change. As a result, alternative and renewable energy (RE) sources are being investigated to replace fossil fuel. Wind and solar energy are leaders in the RE market, but huge and accessible other energy sources such as salinity gradient power (SGP) exist and need to be collected to contribute to the global energy demand. SGP is mainly extracted with reverse electrodialysis (RED) and pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) systems. The applicability of RED‐SGP in a natural environment is the current challenge due to the low power density and the high Levelized cost of energy (LCOE) of the process. The properties of the ion‐exchange membranes (IEMs), the spacers, the feed solutions characteristics and salinity, and the electrodes are among the most important parameters that control the performance of RED‐SGP processes. New highly selective, conductive, and cost‐effective membranes are required to improve RED performance and reduce the produced energy cost. Alternatives feed solutions such as wastewaters and brine from desalination plants as well as hybrid RED such as RED combined to electrodialysis (ED), reverse osmosis (RO), or membrane distillation (MD) will result in cost‐effective water treatment and SGP extraction.

show abstract