Salivary neuron specific enolase: an indicator for neuronal damage in patients with ischemic stroke and stroke-prone patients

Al‐Rawi, Natheer H; Atiyah, Karim M.

doi:10.1515/cclm.2009.345

Cited by 28 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The results of recent studies indicate the usefulness of salivary biomarkers in stroke diagnostics. Indeed, clinical relevance has been demonstrated for salivary cortisol [43,44], enolase [45], substance P (SP) [46], Il-1β (interleukin 1 beta), and MMP-8 (matrix metalloproteinase-8) [47]. However, there are no studies assessing salivary redox homeostasis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Evaluation of the Oral Health Status, Salivary Gland Function, and Oxidative Stress in the Saliva of Patients with Subacute Phase of Stroke: A Case-Control Study

Gerreth¹,

Maciejczyk

Gerreth

et al. 2020

JCM

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This is the first study to assess, comprehensively, the oral health status; salivary glands’ function and enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defense; and oxidative damage to proteins and lipids in the non-stimulated (NWS) and stimulated (SWS) whole saliva of stroke patients. The study included 30 patients in the subacute phase of the stroke and an age and gender-matched control group. We showed that the activity of antioxidant enzymes (catalase and salivary peroxidase) was significantly higher in both NWS and SWS of stroke patients, similarly to uric acid concentration. However, in the study group, the reduced glutathione (GSH) concentration in SWS decreased. The contents of protein glycooxidation products (advanced glycation end products (AGE) and protein oxidation products (AOPP)) and lipid hydroperoxides were significantly higher in NWS and SWS of stroke patients. In the study group there was also a decrease in stimulated saliva secretion and total protein content. Interestingly, products of protein and lipid oxidation correlate negatively with SWS flow. The ROC analysis showed that salivary GSH with 100% specificity and 100% sensitivity differentiates the analyzed groups (AUC = 1.0). To sum up, in subacute stroke patients there are redox imbalances and oxidative damage to proteins and lipids in non-stimulated and stimulated saliva. Stroke patients also suffer from salivary gland dysfunction.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Evaluation of the Oral Health Status, Salivary Gland Function, and Oxidative Stress in the Saliva of Patients with Subacute Phase of Stroke: A Case-Control Study

Gerreth¹,

Maciejczyk

Gerreth

et al. 2020

JCM

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“…5 The highest concentration of NSE was observed 4-8 hours after brain damage and was directly proportional to the severity of neuronal damage. 6,7 There are publications devoted to the study of NSE in newborns experienced intrauterine hypoxia. According to the authors, the increased concentration of NSE in children is characterized by the presence of brain lesions, but there is a temporary absence of clinical manifestations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuron- specific enolase level in patients with metabolic syndrome and its value forecasting acute stroke

Ospanov¹,

Ospanova²,

Kadyrova³

2018

AMJ

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RESEARCHPlease cite this paper as: Ospanov O, Ospanova K, Kadyrova I. Neuron-specific enolase level in patients with metabolic syndrome and its value forecasting acute stroke. AMJ 2018;11(3):186-194. ABSTRACT BackgroundPatients with metabolic syndrome are at a greater risk of experiencing a cerebrovascular event. Several studies show that patients with metabolic syndrome have asymptomatic ischemic brain injury. In this case, there is a need for rapid determination of asymptomatic brain lesions and prediction of acute stroke. AimsThe aim of the study was to determine the neuron-specific enolase (NSE) serum level in patients with metabolic syndrome and the value of this level for forecasting acute stroke. MethodsThe study used the following information to determine metabolic syndrome: waist circumference, total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, blood pressure, and blood glucose. Doppler sonography mapping of the brachiocephalic trunk was held to determine the percentage of the carotid artery stenosis. To determine asymptomatic ischemic brain injury, the NSE serum marker was measured. Statistical processing of the measurements was performed using the H test and the Mann-Whitney test. The possible link between MS and NSE were determined by logistic regression analysis. Mathematical modeling was performed using logistic regression. ResultsThere are statistically significant differences in NSE concentrations in groups with metabolic syndrome and ischemic stroke patients. This assertion is confirmed by logistic regression analysis, which revealed the existence of a relationship between metabolic syndrome and increased concentration of NSE. ConclusionPatients with metabolic syndrome have an increased concentration of NSE. This indicates the presence of asymptomatic ischemic neuronal damage. A prognostic model for determining the probability that patients with metabolic syndrome will have an acute stroke was developed.

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“…The cut-off threshold for salivary NSE of 3.7 mg/l was optimum, for differentiation of normal from abnormal individuals with 80 % accuracy [7]. Increased sFas serum concentration in prenatal and early postnatal, possibly indicates gradual decrease of proliferation and apoptosis in early postnatal life [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and Biochemical Effects of Environmental Tobacco Smoking On Pregnancy Outcome

et al. 2012

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The effects of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) are less studied especially on neonates. This study evaluates the clinical and biochemical effects in neonates exposed to ETS during pregnancy. Two hundred pregnant women asked to complete the questioners about their ETS. Ninety from them were enrolled in biochemical assays as two groups according to ETS. The cotinine level determined in saliva and serum of mothers to confirm their tobacco exposure. The routine tracheal suction from the fetus was used to determine the level of neuron specific enolase (NSE), soluble E-cadherin, sApo-1/Fas, nitric oxide (NO) and cotinine. In clinical assessment, the percent of full term babies in nonexposed group (72 %) are higher compared to exposed group (67 %). Apgar score at the first min, admission to intensive care unit (ICU) and morbidity during the first month shows statistical significance increase in exposed compared to non-exposed group (p = 0.03, 0.05, 0.01, respectively). The new born weight in exposed group significantly decreased compared to non-exposed group (2,850 g ± 3.74 vs 2,967.67 g ± 3.34; p = 0.02). In biochemical assessment, NSE and sE-cadherin significantly increased, while NO significantly decreased (p = 0.000) in exposed compared to non-exposed group. There is a positive correlation between level of cotinine and both NSE, sE-cadherin (r = 0.7, 0.9; p = 0.000, 0.006, respectively). To our knowledge, this is the first study link between prenatal tobacco exposure (PTE) and biochemical parameters measured in tracheal suction. PTE will lead to decrease in birth weight most probably by decreasing NO, sFas, and increasing sE-cadherin. While, increased morbidity of neonates in the exposed group could be attributed to cessation of breast feeding and its complication and increased NSE in the studied markers.

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Salivary neuron specific enolase: an indicator for neuronal damage in patients with ischemic stroke and stroke-prone patients

Cited by 28 publications

References 14 publications

Comprehensive Evaluation of the Oral Health Status, Salivary Gland Function, and Oxidative Stress in the Saliva of Patients with Subacute Phase of Stroke: A Case-Control Study

Comprehensive Evaluation of the Oral Health Status, Salivary Gland Function, and Oxidative Stress in the Saliva of Patients with Subacute Phase of Stroke: A Case-Control Study

Neuron- specific enolase level in patients with metabolic syndrome and its value forecasting acute stroke

Clinical and Biochemical Effects of Environmental Tobacco Smoking On Pregnancy Outcome

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