Salix vegetation filters for purification of waters and soils

Perttu, Kurth; Kowalik, P.

doi:10.1016/s0961-9534(96)00063-3

Cited by 121 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…It confirms a suggestion that phytoextraction is the best suited for low-and medium-contaminated agricultural soils and not for highly contaminated sites such as mining areas (Greger andLandberg 1999, Pulford andWatson 2002). After harvest, contaminated willow biomass can be used as wood fuel if heavy metals are recovered from smoke gases and ashes are properly handled (Perttu and Kowalik 1997).…”

supporting

confidence: 74%

Cadmium and zinc phytoextraction potential of seven clones of Salix spp. planted on heavy metal contaminated soils

Vysloužilová¹,

Tlustoš²,

Száková³

2003

Plant Soil Environ.

118

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The Cd and Zn accumulation and phytoextraction potential of seven willow clones was investigated in a pot experiment for two vegetation periods. Heavily polluted Fluvisol-Litavka, moderately contaminated Cambisol-Pribram, and unpolluted control Chernozem-Suchdol were used. Significant differences were found in Cd and Zn accumulation between the willow clones. Cd and Zn were transferred from roots to aboveground tissues and all tested clones confirmed higher Cd and Zn accumulation in leaves than in twigs. Cd and Zn amounts removed by willow leaves were the highest from the most polluted soil (up to 83% Cd and 71% Zn of total removal). Therefore the harvest of leaves is necessary if willows are planted for heavy metal phytoextraction. Although the extremely high Zn contamination of Fluvisol-Litavka significantly reduced biomass production, willows planted in this soil showed the highest Zn removal because of extremely high Zn accumulation (max. 5061 ppm in leaves). Clones planted in moderately contaminated soil achieved the highest Cd removal. Clones showed different abilities to remove Cd and Zn, which was dependent on soil type and contamination level. Remediation factors were determined less than 1% for Zn in the heavily polluted soil and also unsatisfactory for Cd. However, it was shown that willows were suitable phytoextractors of moderately contaminated soil. About 20% of Cd and 4% of Zn were removed by harvested biomass from the total content of soil after two vegetation periods.

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supporting

confidence: 74%

Cadmium and zinc phytoextraction potential of seven clones of Salix spp. planted on heavy metal contaminated soils

Vysloužilová¹,

Tlustoš²,

Száková³

2003

Plant Soil Environ.

118

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“…Similar genotypic variation has been reported for the establishment of Populus and Salix on contaminated soils (Greger and Landberg, 1999;Jordahl, 1997;Moffat et al, 2001;Perttu and Kowalik, 1997). At the genus level in our study, Populus exhibited the greatest diameter, volume, and leaf dry mass, while Salix had greater height and dry mass of the stems and roots.…”

Section: Elements In Soilssupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Breeding and selecting Populus and Salix with traits suitable for phytoremediation is an ongoing concept in need of continual investigation (Bañuelos et al, 1999;Landberg and Greger, 1996;Perttu and Kowalik, 1997;Zalesny et al, 2005c). In the current study, from a breeding and genetics standpoint, there were three important genotypic responses.…”

Section: Elements In Soilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation ofPopulusandSalixContinuously Irrigated with Landfill Leachate II. Soils and Early Tree Development

Zalesny

Bauer

2007

International Journal of Phytoremediation

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Soil contaminant levels and early tree growth data are helpful for assessing phytoremediation systems. Populus (DN17, DN182, DN34, NM2, and NM6) and Salix (94003, 94012, S287, S566, and SX61) genotypes were irrigated with landfill leachate or municipal water and tested for differences in 1) element concentrations (P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Zn, B, Mn, Fe, Cu, Al, and Na) of a topsoil layer and a layer of sand in tanks with a cover crop of trees or no trees and 2) height, diameter, volume, and dry mass of leaves, stems, and roots. Trees were irrigated with leachate or water during the final 12 wk of the 18-wk study. Differences in most soil element concentrations were negligible (P > 0.05) for irrigation treatments and cover main effects. Phosphorous, K, Mg, S, Zn, Mn, Fe, and Al concentrations were greater in topsoil than sand (P = 0.0011 for Mg; P < 0.0001 for others). There was broad variation between genera and among clones for all growth traits. The treatment × clone interaction governed height, volume, and root dry mass, with (94012, SX61), (NM2, S566, SX61), and (S287, S566) exhibiting the greatest levels, respectively, following leachate application. Given the broad amount of variability among and within these genera, there is great potential for the identification and selection of specific genotypes with a combination of elevated phytoremediation capabilities and tree yield. From a practical standpoint, these results may be used as a baseline for the development of future remediation systems.

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“…Willows meet main requirements for suitable phytoextraction because of their high biomass production, metal tolerance, and high concentrations of heavy metals in aboveground biomass (Dickinson et al 1994, Greger andLandberg 1995). Willows have the capacity of efficient uptake of macro-and micro-nutrients and high evapotranspiration, which is reflected in their high productivity (Perttu and Kowalik 1997). Under environmental conditions of the Czech Republic Salix spp.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

As, Cd, Pb and Zn uptake by Salix spp. clones grown in soils enriched by high loads of these elements

Vysloužilová¹,

Tlustoš²,

Száková³

et al. 2003

Plant Soil Environ.

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As, Cd, Pb and Zn accumulation in the aboveground biomass of seven clones of Salix spp. and changes in element uptake by plants after element addition to soil were studied in a pot experiment. Unpolluted Chernozem (Suchdol) as a control and soils with addition of As (100 mg/kg), Cd (40 mg/kg) and either Pb (2000 mg/kg) (Suchdol-Pb) or Zn (2000 mg/kg) (Suchdol-Zn) were used for the experiment. Significant differences were found in the accumulation of elements between willow clones and also between different element additions to the soil. Although As and Cd uptake slightly increased in Suchdol-Zn soil compared to Suchdol-Pb soil, the element removal from soil was significantly higher in Suchdol-Pb soil due to a significant reduction of aboveground biomass yield in Suchdol-Zn soil caused by Zn phytotoxicity. The yield reduction decreased the uptake of plant-available elements by biomass, thus higher plant-available portions of As and Cd were found in Suchdol-Zn soil. Element removal from soil was more dependent on element contents in willow tissues in Suchdol-Pb soil than in Suchdol-Zn soil, where willow plants exhibited physiological symptoms of phytotoxicity.

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Salix vegetation filters for purification of waters and soils

Cited by 121 publications

References 10 publications

Cadmium and zinc phytoextraction potential of seven clones of Salix spp. planted on heavy metal contaminated soils

Cadmium and zinc phytoextraction potential of seven clones of Salix spp. planted on heavy metal contaminated soils

Evaluation ofPopulusandSalixContinuously Irrigated with Landfill Leachate II. Soils and Early Tree Development

As, Cd, Pb and Zn uptake by Salix spp. clones grown in soils enriched by high loads of these elements

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