Salmonella mutagenicity tests: V. Results from the testing of 311 chemicals

Abstract

311 chemicals were tested under code, for mutagenicity, in Salmonella typhimurium; 35 of the chemicals were tested more than once in the same or different laboratories. The tests were conducted using a preincubation protocol in the absence of exogenous metabolic activation, and in the presence of liver S-9 from Aroclor-induced male Sprague-Dawley rats and Syrian hamsters. Some of the volatile chemicals were also tested in desiccators. A total of 120 chemicals were mutagenic or weakly mutagenic, 3 were judged questionable, and 172 were non-mutagenic. The remaining 16 chemicals produced different responses in the two or three laboratories in which they were tested. The results and data from these tests are presented.

Urinary Mutagenicity in Chemical Laboratory Workers Exposed to Solvents

“…The data from bacterial mutagenicity assays, particularly the Ames test, and the results of exposure to ethanol have generally been negative [31][32][33] . However, the effects of organic solvents mixtures are not well known, but an elevated risk was considered to be a consequence of exposure to complex mixtures 34) .…”

Reaction mixtures formed by nitrite and selected sulfa-drugs showed mutagenicity in acidic medium

“…32 A non-statistical procedure has been established to evaluate the results of Salmonella experiments. 27,33 In agreement with this procedure, a substance (pure or mixture) is considered a mutagen if it produces a reproducible, dose-related increase in the number of revertant colonies in one or more strains (i.e. : R.C.…”

2‐Methoxyethanol [MAK Value Documentation in German language, 2009]

“…Bakterielle Mutagenitätstests mit den S.-typhimurium-Stämmen TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537 und TA1538 (McGregor et al 1983) sowie mit den S.-typhimuriumStämmen TA97 (Zeiger et al 1992) und TA97a, TA98, TA100 und TA102 (Hoflack et al 1995) ergaben bis 10 mg 2-Methoxyethanol/Platte in An-und Abwesenheit eines metabolischen Aktivierungssystems keine Hinweise auf eine mutagene Wirkung. Eine erhöhte SCE-Häufigkeit wurde an menschlichen Lymphozyten bis 125 mmol 2-Methoxyethanol/l (ca.…”