Salmonid alphavirus glycoprotein E2 requires low temperature and E1 for virion formation and induction of protective immunity

Hikke, M.C.; Braaen, Stine; Villoing, Stéphane; Hodneland, Kjartan; Geertsema, Corinne; Verhagen, Lisa M.; Frost, Petter; Vlak, Just M.; Rimstad, Espen; Pijlman, Gorben P.

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.09.026

Cited by 26 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…the B‐domain of E2) may contribute to increased antigenic properties of the chimeric CLPs . However, the true immunogenicity of the chimeric CLPs needs to be experimentally validated in animal models .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SAV eVLPs were also produced using the same expression system, but a temperature shift from 27°C to 15°C was required for correct eVLP assembly and secretion . Recently, we have unravelled the underlying cause of this phenomenon and have identified SAV E2 as temperature‐sensitive glycoprotein, which only folds correctly at low temperatures and only in association with E1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Alphavirus capsid proteins self‐assemble into core‐like particles in insect cells: A promising platform for nanoparticle vaccine development

Hikke

Geertsema

et al. 2015

Biotechnology Journal

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The mosquito-borne chikungunya virus (CHIKV) causes arthritic diseases in humans, whereas the aquatic salmonid alphavirus (SAV) is associated with high mortality in aquaculture of salmon and trout. Using modern biotechnological approaches, promising vaccine candidates based upon highly immunogenic, enveloped virus-like particles (eVLPs) have been developed. However, the eVLP structure (core, lipid membrane, surface glycoproteins) is more complex than that of non-enveloped, protein-only VLPs, which are structurally and morphologically 'simple'. In order to develop an alternative to alphavirus eVLPs, in this paper we engineered recombinant baculovirus vectors to produce high levels of alphavirus core-like particles (CLPs) in insect cells by expression of the CHIKV and SAV capsid proteins. The CLPs localize in dense nuclear bodies within the infected cell nucleus and are purified through a rapid and scalable protocol involving cell lysis, sonication and low-speed centrifugation steps. Furthermore, an immunogenic epitope from the alphavirus E2 glycoprotein can be successfully fused to the N-terminus of the capsid protein without disrupting the CLP self-assembling properties. We propose that immunogenic epitope-tagged alphavirus CLPs produced in insect cells present a simple and perhaps more stable alternative to alphavirus eVLPs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alphavirus capsid proteins self‐assemble into core‐like particles in insect cells: A promising platform for nanoparticle vaccine development

Hikke

Geertsema

et al. 2015

Biotechnology Journal

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“…A total of 30 OBs were analyzed for each virus. The numbers of ODVs occluded within OBs of SeBacAL1, SeBacAL1D5 and SeBacAL1D5repair was determined by examination of OB sections by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) as described by Hikke et al (2014) and analyzed via a JEOL JEM 1011 (JEOL, MA, USA). The numbers of ODV were counted for cross-sections of 30 randomly selected OBs.…”

Section: Electron Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Spodoptera exigua nucleopolyhedrovirus genes involved in pathogenicity and virulence

Serrano

Pijlman

Vlak

et al. 2015

Journal of Invertebrate Pathology

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“…Environmental fever that diseased individuals prefer higher temperatures is described in many ectothermic vertebrates, including several fish species (Boltaña et al., ; Rakus, Ronsmans, & Vanderplasschen, ). SAV is shown to have an optimum temperature for replication in the range 10–15°C, and the ability to produce viral particles is impaired above 18°C (Graham, Wilson, Jewhurst, & Rowley, ; Hikke et al., ; McLoughlin & Graham, ). Further, the transmission rate is shown to peak in June and drop when the temperature is at its highest in August and September (Aldrin et al., ), indicating that salmon may benefit from higher temperature to combat SAV.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SAV is shown to have an optimum temperature for replication in the range 10-15°C, and the ability to produce viral particles is impaired above 18°C (Graham, Wilson, Jewhurst, & Rowley, 2008;Hikke et al, 2014;McLoughlin & Graham, 2007). Further, the transmission rate is shown to peak in June and drop when the temperature is at its highest in August and September (Aldrin et al, 2015), indicating that salmon may benefit from higher temperature to combat SAV.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of pancreas disease caused by SAV 2 on protein and fat digestion in Atlantic salmon

Røsæg

Rimstad

Guttvik

et al. 2018

Journal of Fish Diseases

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Salmonid alphavirus (SAV) causes pancreas disease (PD) in farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.), and exocrine pancreas tissue is a primary target of the virus. Digestive enzymes secreted by the exocrine pancreas break down macromolecules in feed into smaller molecules that can be absorbed. The effect of SAV infection on digestion has been poorly studied. In this study, longitudinal observations of PD outbreaks caused by SAV subtype 2 (SAV2) in Atlantic salmon at two commercial sea sites were performed. The development of PD was assessed by measurement of SAV2 RNA load and evaluation of histopathological lesions typical of PD. Reduced digestion of both protein and fat co‐varied with the severity of PD lesions and viral load. Also, the study found that during a PD outbreak, the pen population comprise several subpopulations, with different likelihoods of being sampled. The body length of sampled fish deviated from the expected increase or steady state over time, and the infection status in sampled fish deviated from the expected course of infection in the population. Both conditions indicate that disease status of the individual fish influenced the likelihood of being sampled, which may cause sampling bias in population studies.

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Salmonid alphavirus glycoprotein E2 requires low temperature and E1 for virion formation and induction of protective immunity

Cited by 26 publications

References 19 publications

Alphavirus capsid proteins self‐assemble into core‐like particles in insect cells: A promising platform for nanoparticle vaccine development

Alphavirus capsid proteins self‐assemble into core‐like particles in insect cells: A promising platform for nanoparticle vaccine development

Identification of Spodoptera exigua nucleopolyhedrovirus genes involved in pathogenicity and virulence

Effect of pancreas disease caused by SAV 2 on protein and fat digestion in Atlantic salmon

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