Salt-scaling resistance of highly durable RC slabs utilizing GGBS concrete with expansive additive

A comprehensive study on engineering and sustainability characteristics with emphasizing on 3R's approach in building construction

“…It is an aqueous alkali silicate liquid that has activated the minerals. GPs can be made using a variety of mineral and industrial by-products, including metakaolin, FA, and GGBFS, bagasse ash, bottom ash, rice husk ash, and pond ash [ [21] , [22] , [23] , [24] , [25] , [26] , [27] , [28] , [29] ]. GPs have a low-carbon footprint and hence serve as a sustainable alternative to traditional concrete [ [30] , [31] , [32] , [33] ].…”

Effect of Graphene Oxide Nanomaterials on the Durability of Concrete: A Review on Mechanisms, Provisions, Challenges, and Future Prospects

“…These harsh ions can enter the erected structure via its foundation or be sucked up due to the wicking phenomenon. When the contaminated water evaporates, it leaves the crystalized salts on the concrete cover [77]. Repeated cycles of this action together with the influence of environmental conditions such as heat and humidity accelerate the formation of these destructive salts, resulting in the consequent crumbling, scaling, or salt blistering, which damages the surface of the concrete, exposing the aggregates.…”