Sars Coronavirus Vaccine Development

Baric, Ralph S.; Sheahan, Timothy P.; Deming, Damon J.; Donaldson, Eric F.; Yount, Boyd; Sims, Amy C.; Roberts, Rhonda; Frieman, Matthew B.; Rockx, Barry

doi:10.1007/978-0-387-33012-9_101

Cited by 16 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Spike-expressing VRP (VRP-S) vaccines protect against lethal homologous challenge in both young and aged BALB/c mice. When challenged with lethal virus that expresses the heterologous spike protein, only young mice are protected and only for a short time 66,107,108 . Other viral vectors that use the spike protein, including poxvirus 109,110 , parainfluenza virus 111,112 , rabies virus 113 and vesicular stomatitis virus 114…”

Section: Live-attenuated Virus Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A decade after SARS: strategies for controlling emerging coronaviruses

2013

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Two novel coronaviruses have emerged in humans in the 21st century, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome human coronavirus (MERS-CoV), both of which cause acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and have high mortality rates. There are no clinically approved vaccines or antiviral drugs available for either of these infections; thus, a priority in the field is the development of effective therapeutic and preventive strategies that can be readily applied to new emergent strains. This review will: describe the emergence and identification of novel human coronaviruses over the last 10 years; review their key biological features, including tropism and receptor use; and summarize approaches to develop broadly effective vaccines.

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Section: Live-attenuated Virus Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A decade after SARS: strategies for controlling emerging coronaviruses

2013

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“…49 This capability to make subtle changes at the DNA sequence level may lead to more efficient research and production of vaccines for human and animal health and related diagnostics. Specifically, the ability to assemble and mutate sequences rapidly could allow for the development of broadly protective vaccines against, and diagnostics for, viruses that themselves are diverse and variable, such as the viral causative agents of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) 50 and hepatitis C.…”

Section: B E N E F I T S a N D R I S K Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthetic genomics: Options for governance

Garfinkel

Endy²,

Epstein³

et al. 2007

Industrial Biotechnology

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“…This is potentially problematic, since the absence of human cases over the past 2 years suggests that future epidemics will likely result from zoonotic transmission. Consequently, antibodies that provide robust cross-neutralization activity are essential to interrupt zoonotic transmission and contain future epidemics (3,36).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Basis for Potent Cross-Neutralizing Human Monoclonal Antibody Protection against Lethal Human and Zoonotic Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Challenge

Rockx¹,

Corti²,

Donaldson

et al. 2008

J Virol

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155

187

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) emerged in 2002, and detailed phylogenetic and epidemiological analyses have suggested that it originated from animals. The spike (S) glycoprotein has been identified as a major component of protective immunity, and 23 different amino acid changes were noted during the expanding epidemic. Using a panel of SARS-CoV recombinants bearing the S glycoproteins from isolates representing the zoonotic and human early, middle, and late phases of the epidemic, we identified 23 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) with neutralizing activity against one or multiple SARS-CoV spike variants and determined the presence of at least six distinct neutralizing profiles in the SARS-CoV S glycoprotein. Four of these MAbs showed cross-neutralizing activity against all human and zoonotic S variants in vitro, and at least three of these were mapped in distinct epitopes using escape mutants, structure analyses, and competition assays. These three MAbs (S109.8, S227.14, and S230.15) were tested for use in passive vaccination studies using lethal SARS-CoV challenge models for young and senescent mice with four different homologous and heterologous SARS-CoV S variants. Both S227.14 and S230.15 completely protected young and old mice from weight loss and virus replication in the lungs for all viruses tested, while S109.8 completely protected mice from weight loss and clinical signs in the presence of viral titers. We conclude that a single human MAb can confer broad protection against lethal challenge with multiple zoonotic and human SARS-CoV isolates, and we identify a robust cocktail formulation that targets distinct epitopes and minimizes the likely generation of escape mutants.

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Sars Coronavirus Vaccine Development

Cited by 16 publications

References 22 publications

A decade after SARS: strategies for controlling emerging coronaviruses

A decade after SARS: strategies for controlling emerging coronaviruses

Synthetic genomics: Options for governance

Structural Basis for Potent Cross-Neutralizing Human Monoclonal Antibody Protection against Lethal Human and Zoonotic Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Challenge

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