SARS-CoV-2 reinfection in patients negative for immunoglobulin G following recovery from COVID-19

Ali, Ayad M.; Ali, Kameran Mohammed; Fatah, Mohammed Hassan; Tawfeeq, Hassan Mohammad; Rostam, Hassan M.

doi:10.1016/j.nmni.2021.100926

Cited by 41 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 42 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…When the two target genes (ORF1ab and E) tested positive by specific real-time RT-PCR, a cycle threshold value (Ctvalue) ≤ 36.7 was defined as a positive result and a Ctvalue of greater than 36.7 was defined as a negative result. 16,17 Ct-value is a semi-quantitative assessment that can widely show the concentration of viral genetic material in the patient samples following testing by RT-PCR. A low Ct-value indicates a high concentration of viral genetic material, which is typically associated with a high risk of severity, but a high Ct-value indicates a low concentration of viral genetic material which is typically associated with a lower risk of the disease severity.…”

Section: Reverse-transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (Rt-pcr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum troponin, D‐dimer, and CRP level in severe coronavirus (COVID‐19) patients

Ali

Rostam

Fatah

et al. 2021

Immunity Inflam & Disease

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Abnormal inflammation coagulation biomarker levels of troponin, C-reactive protein (CRP), and D-dimer levels in serum have been demonstrated to be associated and involved in the disease progression of coronavirus disease 2019 .Methods: First: the study aimed to investigate the correlation of troponin, CRP, D-dimer, white blood cell (WBC) and polymerase chain reaction-cycle threshold (PCR-Ct) within COVID-19 survivors (143 patients; 79 males, 64 females) and in deceased (30 patients; 12 males, 18 females) group. Also, assessing any differences between both groups in studied parameters. Second: a correlation study of studied parameters' level has been conducted within families (41 patients; 23 males [seven deaths] and 18 females [eight deaths]) that lost more than one member due to the severity of the disease. Also, differences between these family and control group (132 patients; 69 males and 63 females) group in studied parameters have been assessed. Results: In the first week of hospitalization, there were significant differences in D-dimer, CRP and troponin level between survived and deceased patient groups. In the second week of the admission, both groups had significant differences in the level of all studied parameters; troponin I, D-dimer, CRP, and WBCs. WBC levels positively correlated to CRP in male survivors (r = 0.75, p < 0.0001), and to troponin in deceased male patients (r = 0.74, p = 0.007). The second week of patient admission was critical in the group of families who lost more than one person, when troponin was correlated positively with D-dimer, CRP, and WBCs. Conclusion:Troponin, D-dimer, CRP, and WBCs level were significantly higher in COVID-19 patients who died than in COVID-19 survivors. High troponin and WBC levels, were considerably associated with families that lost more than one member, when compared with the unrelated COVID-19 patient control.

show abstract

Section: Reverse-transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (Rt-pcr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum troponin, D‐dimer, and CRP level in severe coronavirus (COVID‐19) patients

Ali

Rostam

Fatah

et al. 2021

Immunity Inflam & Disease

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A large prospective cohort study conducted in England on 25,611 individuals showed that a person with a history of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection has an 84% lower risk of reinfection during the seven months following a primary infection as compared to naïve patients [ 3 ]. In a study conducted among 829 patients recovered from COVID-19, 87 had no detectable IgG against SARS-CoV-2, of whom 25 (28.7%) were reinfected 1–3 months after their first infection, while there was just one case of reinfection 4.5 months after initial recovery among those with detectable IgG (0.1%) [ 4 ]. Recently, a meta-analysis showed that the pooled estimation of reinfection among recovered patients was 0.3%, with a high heterogeneity among studies, and it was more common among male patients [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 reinfection and COVID-19 severity

Nguyen

Houhamdi

Hoang

et al. 2022

Emerging Microbes & Infections

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SARS-CoV-2 reinfection rate is low. The relative severity of the first and second episodes of infection remains poorly studied. In this study, we aimed at assessing the frequency of SARS-CoV-2 reinfections and comparing the severity of the first and second episodes of infection. We retrospectively included patients with SARS-CoV-2 positive RT-PCR at least 90 days after clinical recovery from a COVID-19 episode and with at least one negative RT-PCR after the first infection. Whole genome sequencing and variant-specific RT-PCR were performed and clinical symptoms and severity of infection were retrospectively documented from medical files. A total of 209 COVID-19 reinfected patients were identified, accounting for 0.4% of positive cases diagnosed from 19 March 2020 to 24 August 2021. Serology was performed in 64 patients, of whom 39 (60.1%) had antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 when sampled at the early stage of their second infection. Only seven patients (3.4%) were infected twice with the same variant. We observed no differences in clinical presentation, hospitalization rate, and transfer to ICU when comparing the two episodes of infections. Our results suggest that the severity of the second episode of COVID-19 is in the same range as that of the first infection, including patients with antibodies.

show abstract

“…Establishing reinfection prevalence is a difficult process in epidemiological studies as this requires viral sequencing from both the primary and secondary infection during large longitudinal cohorts [27], and not many studies can afford to do this on a large scale. Emerging data from a few large cohort studies [28][29][30] has shown that the prevalence of reinfection by SARS-CoV-2 lies anywhere between <1% and 5%. It is still not clear what proportion of individuals with COVID-19 get re-infected by the virus and if the protective immunity from previous infection by SARS-CoV-2 wanes over time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prevalence of adaptive immunity to COVID-19 and reinfection after recovery – a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis

Chivese

Matizanadzo

Musa

et al. 2022

Pathogens and Global Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study aims to estimate the prevalence and longevity of detectable SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and T and B memory cells after recovery. In addition, the prevalence of COVID-19 reinfection and the preventive efficacy of previous infection with SARS-CoV-2 were investigated. A synthesis of existing research was conducted. The Cochrane Library, the China Academic Journals Full Text Database, PubMed, and Scopus, and preprint servers were searched for studies conducted between 1 January 2020 to 1 April 2021. Included studies were assessed for methodological quality and pooled estimates of relevant outcomes were obtained in a meta-analysis using a bias adjusted synthesis method. Proportions were synthesized with the Freeman-Tukey double arcsine transformation and binary outcomes using the odds ratio (OR). Heterogeneity was assessed using the I 2 and Cochran's Q statistics and publication bias was assessed using Doi plots. Fifty-four studies from 18 countries, with around 12,000,000 individuals, followed up to 8 months after recovery, were included. At 6-8 months after recovery, the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 specific immunological memory remained high; IgG -90.4% (95%CI 72.2-99.9, I 2 = 89.0%), CD4+ -91.7% (95%CI 78.2-97.1y), and memory B cells 80.6% (95%CI 65.0-90.2) and the pooled prevalence of reinfection was 0.2% (95%CI 0.0-0.7, I 2 = 98.8). Individuals previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 had an 81% reduction in odds of a reinfection (OR 0.19, 95% CI 0.1-0.3, I 2 = 90.5%). Around 90% of recovered individuals had evidence of immunological memory to SARS-CoV-2, at 6-8 months after recovery and had a low risk of reinfection.Registration PROSPERO: CRD42020201234

show abstract

SARS-CoV-2 reinfection in patients negative for immunoglobulin G following recovery from COVID-19

Cited by 41 publications

References 42 publications

Serum troponin, D‐dimer, and CRP level in severe coronavirus (COVID‐19) patients

Serum troponin, D‐dimer, and CRP level in severe coronavirus (COVID‐19) patients

SARS-CoV-2 reinfection and COVID-19 severity

The prevalence of adaptive immunity to COVID-19 and reinfection after recovery – a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About