SAUR17 and SAUR50 Differentially Regulate PP2C-D1 during Apical Hook Development and Cotyledon Opening in Arabidopsis

Jiajun, Wang; Sun, Ning; Zhang, Fangfang; Yu, Renbo; Chen, Haodong; Deng, Xing Wang; Wei, Ning

doi:10.1105/tpc.20.00283

Cited by 52 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…S7). A recent study found that SAUR17 has a high affinity for PP2C.D1 without inhibiting its activity ( 52 ). This allows SAUR17 to shield PP2C.D1 from inhibition caused by other SAUR proteins and could serve to reinforce the PP2C.D1-mediated H + -ATPase inhibition resulting from localized phosphatase expression.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biphasic control of cell expansion by auxin coordinates etiolated seedling development

Daher

Liu

et al. 2022

Sci. Adv.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biphasic control of cell expansion by auxin coordinates etiolated seedling development

Daher

Liu

et al. 2022

Sci. Adv.

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“…The mutant of transcript CL431.Contig8_Ib, which is homologous to E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase DIS1, was defective in trichome cell expansion and actin organization, resulting in a distorted trichome phenotype [ 48 ] in Arabidopsis. Transcript CL11749.Contig1_Ib, defined as a SAUR family protein, plays a central role in auxin-induced acid growth [ 49 , 50 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blocking IbmiR319a Impacts Plant Architecture and Reduces Drought Tolerance in Sweet Potato

Ren

Zhang

et al. 2022

Genes

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MicroRNA319 (miR319) plays a key role in plant growth, development, and multiple resistance by repressing the expression of targeted TEOSINTE BRANCHED/CYCLOIDEA/PCF (TCP) genes. Two members, IbmiR319a and IbmiR319c, were discovered in the miR319 gene family in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas [L.] Lam). Here, we focused on the biological function and potential molecular mechanism of the response of IbmiR319a to drought stress in sweet potato. Blocking IbmiR319a in transgenic sweet potato (MIM319) resulted in a slim and tender phenotype and greater sensitivity to drought stress. Microscopic observations revealed that blocking IbmiR319a decreased the cell width and increased the stomatal distribution in the adaxial leaf epidermis, and also increased the intercellular space in the leaf and petiole. We also found that the lignin content was reduced, which led to increased brittleness in MIM319. Quantitative real-time PCR showed that the expression levels of key genes in the lignin biosynthesis pathway were much lower in the MIM319 lines than in the wild type. Ectopic expression of IbmiR319a-targeted genes IbTCP11 and IbTCP17 in Arabidopsis resulted in similar phenotypes to MIM319. We also showed that the expression of IbTCP11 and IbTCP17 was largely induced by drought stress. Transcriptome analysis indicated that cell growth-related pathways, such as plant hormonal signaling, were significantly downregulated with the blocking of IbmiR319a. Taken together, our findings suggest that IbmiR319a affects plant architecture by targeting IbTCP11/17 to control the response to drought stress in sweet potato.

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“…Interestingly, whereas the levels of overexpression of PP2C.D1 in PP2C.D1-GFP were enough to induce a short hypocotyl, they did not promote exaggerated apical hook, suggesting that necessary partners for PP2C.D1 function in hook formation might be limitant, or that the levels of PP2C.D1 in our overexpressing lines were not enough to elicit a hook phenotype. In favor of these latter possibility, a recent paper by Wang et al (2020) reports PP2C.D1 overexpressor lines that have a more closed apical hook in the dark. Although our data do not allow us to conclude that PP2C.D1 function in hook formation involves regulation of ethylene biosynthesis, our results suggest a possible connection between PP2C.D1 activity and ethylene physiology that has not been previously recognized.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Sequential Action of MIDA9/PP2C.D1, PP2C.D2, and PP2C.D5 Is Necessary to Form and Maintain the Hook After Germination in the Dark

et al. 2021

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During seedling etiolation after germination in the dark, seedlings have closed cotyledons and form an apical hook to protect the meristem as they break through the soil to reach the surface. Once in contact with light, the hook opens and cotyledons are oriented upward and separate. Hook development in the dark after seedling emergence from the seed follows three distinctly timed and sequential phases: formation, maintenance, and eventual opening. We previously identified MISREGULATED IN DARK9 (MIDA9) as a phytochrome interacting factor (PIF)-repressed gene in the dark necessary for hook development during etiolated growth. MIDA9 encodes the type 2C phosphatase PP2C.D1, and pp2c-d1/mida9 mutants exhibit open hooks in the dark. Recent evidence has described that PP2C.D1 and other PP2C.D members negatively regulate SMALL AUXIN UP RNA (SAUR)-mediated cell elongation. However, the fundamental question of the timing of PP2C.D1 action (and possibly other members of the PP2C.D family) during hook development remains to be addressed. Here, we show that PP2C.D1 is required immediately after germination to form the hook. pp2c.d1/mida9 shows reduced cell expansion in the outer layer of the hook and, therefore, does not establish the differential cell growth necessary for hook formation, indicating that PP2C.D1 is necessary to promote cell elongation during this early stage. Additionally, genetic analyses of single and high order mutants in PP2C.D1, PP2C.D2, and PP2C.D5 demonstrate that the three PP2C.Ds act collectively and sequentially during etiolation: whereas PP2C.D1 dominates hook formation, PP2C.D2 is necessary during the maintenance phase, and PP2C.D5 acts to prevent opening during the third phase together with PP2C.D1 and PP2C.D2. Finally, we uncover a possible connection of PP2C.D1 levels with ethylene physiology, which could help optimize hook formation during post-germinative growth in the dark.

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SAUR17 and SAUR50 Differentially Regulate PP2C-D1 during Apical Hook Development and Cotyledon Opening in Arabidopsis

Abstract: One-sentence summary: SAUR17 is highly expressed in apical hooks and cotyledons in the dark, where it promotes etiolation by protecting the phosphatase activity of PP2C-D1 against cell-expansion-inducing SAURs such as SAUR50.

Cited by 52 publications

References 59 publications

Biphasic control of cell expansion by auxin coordinates etiolated seedling development

Biphasic control of cell expansion by auxin coordinates etiolated seedling development

Blocking IbmiR319a Impacts Plant Architecture and Reduces Drought Tolerance in Sweet Potato

The Sequential Action of MIDA9/PP2C.D1, PP2C.D2, and PP2C.D5 Is Necessary to Form and Maintain the Hook After Germination in the Dark

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