Scale‐Up, Stirred‐Tank Reactors

Hempel, D. C.; Dziallas, H.

doi:10.1002/0471250589.ebt194

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The effects of using different scale-up criteria on mixing of aerated stirred vessels has been discussed in this chapter with the aim of understanding the physical phenomena that may affect the biological response of microorganisms. Traditionally, many methods of scale-up of aerated, stirred fermenters have been considered and reviewed (Hempel and Dziallas, 1999). These include the following criteria:…”

Section: -22 Fluid Dynamic Effects Of Different Scale-up Rulesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixing in the Fermentation and Cell Culture Industries

Amanullah¹,

Buckland²,

Nienow

2003

Handbook of Industrial Mixing

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Section: -22 Fluid Dynamic Effects Of Different Scale-up Rulesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixing in the Fermentation and Cell Culture Industries

Amanullah¹,

Buckland²,

Nienow

2003

Handbook of Industrial Mixing

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“…Hence, bench scale fermentor experiments were necessary to establish exact protease activity of the strains. Further, scale-up studies have shown better results (increased protease activity) due to controlled environmental conditions (Hempel and Dziallas, 1999).…”

Section: Shake Flasks Experiments -Protease Activity Of Isolated Strainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of thermostable protease enzyme in wastewater sludge using thermophilic bacterial strains isolated from sludge

Chenel

Tyagi

Surampalli

2008

Water Science and Technology

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Abstract:The volume of sludge produced annually is very high and poses serious disposal problems. The traditional methods of sludge disposal produce secondary pollutants. Therefore, the alternate or suitable solution is reuse of sludge in an ecofriendly approach. Biotechnology is an interesting tool to add value to the processes involved in wastewater and wastewater sludge disposal/reuse. In this context, a study was carried out on thermophilic bacterial strains that produce thermostable proteases. The bacterial strains were first isolated from municipal wastewater sludge. In contrast to the conventional strains used in industries, like Bacillus sp., the new strains were Gram-Negative type. In semi-synthetic medium, a maximal protease activity of 5.25 IU/ml (International Unit per ml) was obtained at a pH of 8.2 and at a temperature of 60 o C, which is higher than the stability temperature of 37°C for a similar protease obtained from the conventional producer Bacillus licheniformis. Moreover, growth and protease activity of the strains were tested in wastewater sludge. It is expected that the complexity of sludge could stimulate/enhance the protease production and their characteristics. In conclusion, reuse of wastewater sludge will help to reduce their quantity as well as the value-added products produced will replace chemical products used in industries.Keywords: Thermophilic strains; thermostable proteases; wastewater sludge INTRODUCTIONThe disposal of wastewater sludge (WWS) generated during the treatment of the various municipal and industrial wastewater (WW) is one of the major problems in safeguarding of the planetary environment. During the last fifty years, people believed that the discharge of WW and WWS in the rivers and the lakes was not detrimental to the environment because the latter had the capacity to self purify and regenerate themselves. However, studies during the last twenty years have contradicted these facts. At the present time, the rivers and the lakes do not have the capacity to absorb all the pollutants which are poured there (Barnabé and et al., 2003). It thus became imperative to find new methods in order to decrease and/or re-use these wastes. Several of these new methods have been developed in recent past and others are being developed.

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