Scanning electron microscopy of the organ of Corti in dogs treated with kanamycin.

Abstract

Scanning electron microscopic observation of the organ of Corti was conducted in kanamycin (KM)-treated beagle dogs, which were subjected to time lapse recording of auditory brainstem response (ABR). KM was administered subcutaneously 5 times per week to 4 beagle dogs at doses of 250 and 500mg/kg for 3-6weeks (a total dose of 4,750 to 7,000mg/kg). The animals were subjected to pathological examination when definite changes in ABR appeared.Severity of morphological changes were closely related with the degree of the ABR change and histopathological renal lesion.In the animals with slightly decreased amplitude of wave I of ABR also exhibited only a slight renal lesion. The organ of Corti, however, showed essentially a normal structure in these animals.In the animal manifesting moderate ABR change, renal lesion was moderate and the change of the hair cell in the organ of Corti was slight.The animal with such severe auditory disturbance as flattened ABR waveform showed a severe renal lesion and almost complete damages of the hair cells in the organ of Corti.In the present observation, the characteristics of KM-induced lesion in the organ of Corti in dogs are essentially the same with in other species. In addition, the examination of hearing ability could be done as an item during the course of routine long-term repeated dose study using dogs. (J Toxicol Pathol 7: 8186, 1994)

Changes in auditory brainstem response (ABR) in Kanamycin-induced auditory disturbance model rats

“…Increase and decrease in amplitude of ABR components and that of electrocochleogram has been reported in KM-treated animals such as guinea pigs (Yagi and Tokimoto, 1987), rabbits (Sakatsume et al, 1980) and dogs (Kuse et al, 1989;Yamamura et al, 1994). Yagi and Tokimoto (1987) reported ABR threshold shift and increase in amplitude of wave I in repeated dose study of KM in guinea pigs.…”

“…There are many reports showing an auditory disturbance by repeated doses of Kanamycin (KM), which is an aminoglycoside antibiotic, and it has been reported in the rat (Astbury and Read 1982), guinea pig (Yagi and Tokimoto, 1987), rabbit (Sakatsume, 1980), dog (Yamamura et al, 1994;Uzuka et al, 1996), human (Brummett and Fox,1989) and others. There are some reports of KM ototoxicity which calculate auditory brainstem response (ABR) threshold and analyze changes of amplitude or latency.…”