Scannining Electron Microscopic Evaluation of the Effect of Boron and Fish Oil on Healing of Extraction Sockets in Rats

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Great incidence of complications have been reported tooth extraction. Many materials and drugs were used previously to cover extraction socket in an attempt to enhance healing or prevent post-operative complications. Several studies suggested that Boron and fish oil affect many of the biological processes during bone healing by influencing cell membrane function. Thus, they affect cellular responses to cytokines and hormones, including those involved in bone growth and turnover in rats. OBJECTIVE: of the study: To evaluate the effect of boron and fish oil on alveolar bone healing after tooth extraction in rats using Scanning Electron Microscope, Energy Dispersive x-ray analysis [EDXA] and serum alkaline phosphatase analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: forty-five adult male albino rats (120-150 gm in weight) were used in this study. Extraction of the lower 1 st molar was performed in all animals then they were randomly divided into 3 equal groups; Group I (control) including 15 rats fed on normal diet, Group II (boron) including 15 rats receiving normal diet and boron supplementation (3 mg/kg boron diluted in 3.5 ± 4 ml distilled water) daily, Group III (fish oil) including 15 rats receiving normal diet and fish oil supplementation (65 mg/kg fish oil) daily. The animals were sacrificed after 2 weeks and the effect of boron and fish oil was evaluated using Scanning Electron Microscope, Energy Dispersive x-ray analysis and Serum alkaline phosphatase level analysis. The data obtained was tabulated and subjected to statistical analysis. RESULTS: After 2 weeks of extraction, scanning Electron Microscopic results revealed an increase in trabecular bone thickness with regular bone surface, and uniform osteocyte lacunae in Group II (boron) in comparison to group I (control) and Group III (fish oil) and these results were proved by EDXA which showed increase in Ca level in group II than group I and group III. On the other hand, serum alkaline phosphatase analysis showed that group III (fish oil) has the higher level of ALP after 2 weeks of the experiment. CONCLUSION: Boron and fish oil systemic administration have a positive effect on socket healing and bone structure and composition in rats.