Scattering Measurements for High Throughput Materials Science Research

Norman, Alexander I.; Cabral, João T.; Karim, Alamgir; Amis, Eric J.

doi:10.1002/marc.200300239

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In addition, there are high throughput scattering methods such as combinatorial small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) and wide‐angle X‐ray scattering (WAXS). The major advantage of these methods lies in their ability to provide structural information on partially or completely ordered systems,52, 60 and their use in analysis of both concentrated and dilute samples. A small‐angle neutron scattering (SANS) technique is especially important in the study of chain conformations and interaction parameters in the one‐phase region.…”

Section: Methods For Characterization Of Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mimicking the cell membrane with block copolymer membranes

Zhang

Tanner

Graff

et al. 2012

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

126

140

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Cell membranes are essential barriers in Nature. To understand their properties and functions and to develop desirable applications, a simple and elegant approach is to study membranes that mimic the cell membrane. Lipid bilayers represent simple models that are physiologically representative when in the form of mixtures of various lipids, but they are not adequately stable even when covered with amphipathic proteins or when combined with polymers, thus preventing technological applications. This makes necessary the design of completely synthetic membranes. In this respect, amphiphilic copolymers that self‐assemble under dilute aqueous conditions and generate supramolecular polymer vesicles or films are ideal candidates for synthetic membranes. Their versatility in terms of chemistry and properties (permeability, mechanical stability, thickness), if appropriately designed, enable the insertion of biological molecules, such as membrane proteins and biopores, or the attachment of biomolecules at their surfaces. Here, we present the domain of synthetic membranes based on amphiphilic copolymers beginning with their generation and up to their applications in medicine, the food industry, and technology. Even though significant progress has been made in combining them with membrane proteins, open questions remain with respect to desired properties that could accommodate biological molecules and support further development of the field, from both the point of view of fundamental understanding and of applications. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2012

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Section: Methods For Characterization Of Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mimicking the cell membrane with block copolymer membranes

Zhang

Tanner

Graff

et al. 2012

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

126

140

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“…This experiment, performed on unfiltered polymer solutions, has identified MLV structures of sizes between 2 and 20 μ m. These dimensions are consistent with measurements performed by Harris on unfiltered polymer vesicles (where the diameter ranges from 3 to 30 μ m for EO 11 BO 11 ). The sample system has been studied by simultaneous SAXS/WAXS and a broad peak corresponding to domains of approximately 100−120 Å was identified . This peak has been attributed to correlations between adjacent lamellae: either in the same vesicle (as part of a MLV) or adjacent vesicles whose shells are these distances apart (i.e., a network of closely packed vesicles).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous Formation of Vesicles of Diblock Copolymer EO₆BO₁₁ in Water: A SANS Study

Norman

Lee

et al. 2005

J. Phys. Chem. B

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Small angle neutron scattering (SANS) is used to study the structures formed in water by a diblock copolymer EO6BO11 (having 6 ethylene oxide, EO, and 11 butylene oxide, BO, units). The data show that polymer solutions over a broad concentration range (0.05-20 wt %) contain vesicular structures at room temperature. Interestingly, these vesicles could be formed without any external energy input, such as extrusion, which is commonly required for the formation of other block copolymer or lipid vesicles. The EO6BO11 vesicles are predominantly unilamellar at low polymer concentrations, whereas at higher polymer concentrations or temperatures there is a coexisting population of unilamellar and multilamellar vesicles. At a critical concentration and temperature, the vesicular structures fuse into lyotropic arrays of planar lamellar sheets. The findings from this study are in broad agreement with the work of Harris et al. (Langmuir, 2002, 18, 5337), who used electron microscopy to identify the vesicle phase in the same system.

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“…The discrete approach aims to develop a rapid method for creating of a library of discrete polymer blends. [22][23][24] The gradient approach aims to create a specimen containing a continuous gradient in composition spanning the length of the sample. [6,8,[25][26][27][28] We chose the gradient approach since a vast number of compositions can be tested on a single specimen.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As for blends, two general approaches for high‐throughput methods have emerged: discrete and gradient. The discrete approach aims to develop a rapid method for creating of a library of discrete polymer blends 22–24. The gradient approach aims to create a specimen containing a continuous gradient in composition spanning the length of the sample 6,8,25–28.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐Throughput Method for Determining Modulus of Polymer Blends

Simon

Eidelman

Deng

et al. 2004

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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Summary: A method for rapidly determining the modulus of polymer blends was developed. A polymer blend gradient library of poly(L‐lactic acid) (PLLA) and poly(D,L‐lactic acid) (PDLLA) was created in the form of a strip‐shaped film and characterized with FTIR microspectroscopy. Nanoindentation measurements were made along the gradients to obtain modulus data over a wide range of PLLA‐PDLLA blend compositions. This novel, high‐throughput approach to material characterization provides engineers with a technique to accelerate the development of materials.

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Scattering Measurements for High Throughput Materials Science Research

Cited by 8 publications

References 10 publications

Mimicking the cell membrane with block copolymer membranes

Mimicking the cell membrane with block copolymer membranes

Spontaneous Formation of Vesicles of Diblock Copolymer EO₆BO₁₁ in Water: A SANS Study

High‐Throughput Method for Determining Modulus of Polymer Blends

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Scattering Measurements for High Throughput Materials Science Research

Cited by 8 publications

References 10 publications

Mimicking the cell membrane with block copolymer membranes

Mimicking the cell membrane with block copolymer membranes

Spontaneous Formation of Vesicles of Diblock Copolymer EO6BO11 in Water: A SANS Study

High‐Throughput Method for Determining Modulus of Polymer Blends

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Spontaneous Formation of Vesicles of Diblock Copolymer EO₆BO₁₁ in Water: A SANS Study