Scavenger receptor B8 improves survivability by mediating innate immunity in silkworm, Bombyx mori

Zhang, Kui; Hu, Xin; Zhao, Yuzu; Pan, Guoqing; Li, Chongyang; Ji, Haoyan; Li, Changhong; Yang, Liqun; Abbas, Muhammad Nadeem; Cui, Hongjuan

doi:10.1016/j.dci.2020.103917

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…These results show that DNA methylation has a potential effect on the expression patterns of these peptides under bacterial infection, leading us to suggest that in A. pernyi , DNA methylation influences transcription of AMPs in response to Gram-negative E. coli . In humoral immunity, AMPs have a crucial role in suppressing microbial infection in insects ( 45 , 46 ). Thus, the variation in the transcription levels of AMPs can shape the insect-bacterial pathogen interactions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Identification of Two DNA Methyltransferase Genes and Their Functional Characterization in the Anti-Bacterial Immunity of Antheraea pernyi

et al. 2022

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Under different physiological conditions, such as microbial infection, epigenetic mechanisms regulate genes at the transcription level in living organisms. DNA methylation is a type of epigenetic mechanism in which DNA methyltransferases modify the expression of target genes. Here, we identified a full-length sequence of DNMT-1 and DNMT-2 from the Chinese oak silkworm, A. pernyi, which was highly similar to the homologous sequences of Bombyx mori. ApDNMT-1 and ApDNMT-2 have unique domain architectures of insect DNMTs, highlighting their conserved functions in A. pernyi. ApDNMT-1 and ApDNMT-2 were found to be widely expressed in various tissues, with the highest levels of expression in hemocytes, the ovary, testis, and fat bodies. To understand the biological role of these genes in microbial resistance, we challenged the fifth instar larvae of A. pernyi by administrating Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and fungi. The results revealed that transcript levels of ApDNMT-1 and ApDNMT-2 were increased compared to the control group. The inhibition of these genes by a DNMTs inhibitor [5-azacytidine (5-AZA)] significantly reduced bacterial replication and larvae mortality. In addition, 5-AZA treatment modified the expression patterns of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) in the A. pernyi larvae. Our results suggest that ApDNMT-1 and ApDNMT-2 seem to have a crucial role in innate immunity, mediating antimicrobial peptide responses against bacterial infection in A. pernyi.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Identification of Two DNA Methyltransferase Genes and Their Functional Characterization in the Anti-Bacterial Immunity of Antheraea pernyi

et al. 2022

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“…Gene sets with a normal p ‐value of less than 0.05 and false discovery rate (FDR) of less than 0.25 were significantly enriched. Real‐time PCR was performed to validate the RNA‐seq results using GoTaq® Probe qPCR Master Mix (Promega) as described in our previous studies 76,77 . All the primers used in this study are listed in Supporting Information: Table .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Real-time PCR was performed to validate the RNA-seq results using GoTaq® Probe qPCR Master Mix (Promega) as described in our previous studies. 76,77 All the primers used in this study are listed in Supporting Information: Table S1. GAPDH was used as an internal control.…”

Section: Gene Expression Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Morus alba derived Kuwanon‐A combined with 5‐fluorouracil reduce tumor progression via synergistic activation of GADD153 in gastric cancer

Thakur²,

Pan

et al. 2023

MedComm – Oncology

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Despite the application of conventional strategies including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, surgery, or immunotherapy, the mortality of gastric cancer (GC) patients remains high. Often, GC is not diagnosed until it has reached late stage, resulting in a missed surgical window. Therefore, a new therapeutic intervention for GC is necessary. Here, the combined application of Kuwanon‐A (KA) and 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) was evaluated for its potential to combat GC for the first time. To determine the anticancer activity of KA (from Morus alba) along with 5‐FU against GC, and their mechanism via GADD153, we examained anticancer potential of KA along with 5‐FU via in vitro assays with GC cells, namely MKN‐45, SGC‐7901, HGC‐27, and BGC‐823, and in vivo assays with mouse xenograft of GC. KA alone could induce G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis in GC cells by activating GADD153 through the PERK/elF2α/ATF4 and IRE1/XBP1 signaling pathways, suggesting a critical role of increased endoplasmic reticulum stress in KA‐induced apoptosis of GC cells. Moreover, the combination of KA and 5‐FU showed an enhanced synergistic anticancer effect against GC both in vitro and in vivo. Conclusively, the combination of KA and 5‐FU can act as an effective anticancer regimen in combating GC.

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“…The silkworm ( B. mori strain Dazao) was maintained in the silkworm gene library of Southwest University. All larvae were fed clean, fresh mulberry leaves and kept at a constant‐temperature incubator, as described in our previous studies (Pan et al ., 2020; Zhang et al ., 2020). The silkworm larva pseudopodia broke with 1‐off injectors, and the hemolymph was collected.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrin β2 and β3: Two plasmatocyte markers deepen our understanding of the development of plasmatocytes in the silkworm Bombyx mori

Zhang

et al. 2022

Insect Science

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Insect hemocytes play important biological roles at developmental stages, metamorphosis, and innate immunity. As one of the most abundant cell types, plasmatocytes can participate in various innate immune responses, especially in encapsulation and node formation. Here, 2 molecular markers of plasmatocytes, consisting of integrin β2 and β3, were identified and used to understand the development of plasmatocytes. Plasmatocytes are widely distributed in the hematopoietic system, including circulating hemolymph and hematopoietic organs (HPOs). HPOs constantly release plasmatocytes with high proliferative activity in vitro; removal of HPOs leads to a dramatic reduction in the circulating plasmatocytes, and the remaining plasmatocytes gradually lose their ability to proliferate in vivo. Our results demonstrated that the release of plasmatocytes from HPOs is regulated by insulin-mediated signals and their downstream pathways, including PI3K/Akt and MAPK/Erk signals. The insulin/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway can significantly irritate the hematopoiesis, and its inhibitor LY294002 could inhibit the hemocytes discharged from HPOs. While the insulin/MAPK/Erk signaling pathway plays a negative regulatory role, inhibiting its activity with U0126 can markedly promote the discharge of plasmatocytes from HPOs. Our results indicate that the circulating plasmatocytes are mainly generated and discharged by HPOs. This process is co-regulated by the PI3K/Akt and MAPK/Erk signals in an antagonistic manner to adjust the dynamic balance of the hemocytes. These findings can enhance our understanding of insect hematopoiesis.

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Scavenger receptor B8 improves survivability by mediating innate immunity in silkworm, Bombyx mori

Cited by 15 publications

References 53 publications

Molecular Identification of Two DNA Methyltransferase Genes and Their Functional Characterization in the Anti-Bacterial Immunity of Antheraea pernyi

Molecular Identification of Two DNA Methyltransferase Genes and Their Functional Characterization in the Anti-Bacterial Immunity of Antheraea pernyi

Morus alba derived Kuwanon‐A combined with 5‐fluorouracil reduce tumor progression via synergistic activation of GADD153 in gastric cancer

Integrin β2 and β3: Two plasmatocyte markers deepen our understanding of the development of plasmatocytes in the silkworm Bombyx mori

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